{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T15:52:32Z","timestamp":1783957952058,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2023201903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2023201903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J230006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J230006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), often associated with tinnitus, significantly impacts individuals' quality of life. Current treatments, such as free drugs via intravenous or intratympanic (IT) administration of dexamethasone (DEX) and lidocaine, face limitations like low bioavailability and rapid drug clearance. To address these challenges, we developed a local co\u2010delivery system combining DEX microcrystals (DEX MCs) and lidocaine\u2010loaded poly(lactic\u2010co\u2010glycolic acid) (PLGA) non\u2010spherical microparticles (LPNMs) for sustained drug release in the inner ear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DEX MCs and LPNMs were prepared using the traditional precipitation technique and double emulsion\u2010solvent evaporation, respectively. After characterizing physicochemical properties and drug release kinetics, they were dispersed in sodium hyaluronate solution for IT injection, then in\u00a0vivo pharmacokinetics and biocompatibility in guinea pigs were studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DEX MCs exhibited stable dissolution, while LPNMs provided sustained lidocaine release, reducing potential side effects. In\u00a0vivo studies in guinea pigs demonstrated prolonged drug retention in the perilymph and improved pharmacokinetics. Histological evaluation confirmed the good biocompatibility of this combined delivery system, with no significant inner ear damage observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This co\u2010delivery system can be used as a depot for delivering both DEX and lidocaine to the inner ear and offers a promising approach for the synergistic treatment of SSNHL associated with tinnitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T09:29:12Z","timestamp":1760693352000},"page":"1813-1823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Intratympanic dexamethasone microcrystals\/lidocaine\u2010loaded\n                    <scp>PLGA<\/scp>\n                    non\u2010spherical microparticles for local drug delivery to the inner ear"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Dongcheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Affiliate Hospital of Hebei University  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Affiliate Hospital of Hebei University  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Ministry of Education Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4832-3530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhimin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; 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