{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T15:00:17Z","timestamp":1780844417849,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Models and Exp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Experimental animal models are essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms of human leukemia and testing potential therapies. Chemical induction using 7,12\u2010dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) has shown promise in recapitulating features of leukemogenesis in rodents, but its molecular fidelity to human disease remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the transcriptomic landscape of a DMBA\u2010induced leukemia rat model and assess its alignment with known gene expression signatures and oncogenic pathways in human leukemia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Male Wistar rats were treated with DMBA to induce leukemia. RNA was extracted from whole blood and subjected to RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified using RNA\u2010seq by expectation\u2013maximization and NOISeq. Functional enrichment analysis, Gene Ontology mapping, and protein interaction networks were analyzed via STRING. Prognostic relevance of key DEGs was explored using data from the Human Protein Atlas.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The DMBA\u2010induced model showed significant upregulation of leukemia\u2010associated genes, including\n FLT3<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n NRAS<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n KRAS<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n ABL1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n BCR<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n NPM1<\/jats:italic>\n . The top 10 up\u2010 and downregulated genes were enriched in pathways related to cell fate, proliferation, apoptosis, and immune regulation. Particularly, genes such as\n MEIS2<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n CXCL9<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n WIF1<\/jats:italic>\n were linked to hematopoietic dysregulation and poor prognosis in various cancers. Comparative analysis revealed strong transcriptomic overlap with human leukemia\/carcinogenesis gene signatures, supporting the model's translational validity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n In conclusion, the DMBA\u2010induced leukemia rat model exhibits a transcriptomic profile that closely mirrors key oncogenic and prognostic features of human leukemia. This model holds significant promise for preclinical studies targeting leukemogenesis and therapeutic intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.70202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T04:51:11Z","timestamp":1775537471000},"page":"674-684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcriptomic validation of a 7,12 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (\n DMBA<\/scp>\n )\u2010induced leukemia rat model: Parallels with human leukemogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0068-5516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaldoon","family":"Alsamman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0226-2923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar S.","family":"El\u2010Masry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.13540"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/jep.S349047"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12800"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07478-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-023-02737-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/fsoa-2023-0111"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","first-page":"393","article-title":"The specific N\u2010ras mutation in rat 7,12\u2010dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)\u2010induced leukemia","volume":"11","author":"Osaka M","year":"1997","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtumed.2021.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.124321.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/iyad042"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052622"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx247"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","unstructured":"The Human Protein Atlas. 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