{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:29:29Z","timestamp":1765758569909,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Osaka Prefectural Government"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acute Medicine &amp; Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Little is known about the detailed characteristics of patients using gas substances for self\u2010inflicted injury in prehospital settings. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics, incidence trends, and outcomes of patients who used gas substances for self\u2010inflicted injury in Osaka City, Japan, using ambulance records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective observational study that used data from 2009 to 2015. We extracted details from ambulance records of self\u2010inflicted injury patients who used gas substances. The annual incidence of self\u2010inflicted injury by gas substance and age group and Poisson regression models were applied for calculating the annual incidence trend by type of gas substance. The main outcome was confirmed death at the scene, and we also calculated the crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each gas substance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the study period, there were 324 self\u2010inflicted injury patients who used gas substances. The most commonly used gases were carbon monoxide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>) (54.9%), followed by hydrogen sulfide (12.7%), helium (6.5%). The incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content> and hydrogen sulfide have subsequently decreased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for trend\u00a0=\u00a00.023 and &lt;0.001, respectively); however, the incidence of helium did not change during the study period (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> for trend\u00a0=\u00a00.586). The mortality rate was highest in patients who used helium (66.7% [14\/21]) and the crude odds ratio of helium was 3.857 (95% confidence interval, 1.267\u201311.745; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.017) compared with hydrogen sulfide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study revealed that the incidence of self\u2010inflicted injury with helium did not change and its proportion of death at the scene was high in Osaka City.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ams2.452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T07:20:46Z","timestamp":1566458446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prehospital characteristics, incidence trends, and outcome of emergency self\u2010inflicted injury patients with gas substances: a population\u2010based descriptive study in Osaka, Japan"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2585-4259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tasuku","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0107-0580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuhisa","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5959-4569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoya","family":"Hirose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"},{"name":"Emergency and Critical Care Center Osaka Police Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeyuki","family":"Kiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyoto University Health Services Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Sado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Sport Sciences Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Kiyohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science Faculty of Home Economics Otsuma Women's University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine Kansai Medical University Hirakata Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rinku General Medical Center Senshu Trauma and Critical Care Center Izumisano Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Izawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit Department of Anesthesiology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuo","family":"Ohnishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Shimazu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.Health at a Glance 2015. 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Accessed at 29 Aug 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-016-0261-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2013.799676"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796018000410"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-227X-13-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013849"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000889"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055000"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.08.006","article-title":"Indentifying and tracking gas suicides in the U.S. Using the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2005\u20102012","volume":"51","author":"Deborah A","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2016.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"National Police Agency in Japan.The Statistics about suicide victims in 2017. Available from:https:\/\/www.npa.go.jp\/safetylife\/seianki\/jisatsu\/H29\/H29_jisatsunojoukyou_01.pdf. Accessed at 31 Oct 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13101013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-200209000-00005"},{"volume-title":"Final Exit: The Practicalities of Self\u2010Deliverance and Assisted Suicide for the Dying","year":"2009","author":"Humphry D","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(98)00112-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Asphyxia due to accidental nitrogen gas inhalation: a case report. Hong Kong","volume":"19","author":"T\u00fcr \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan F","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2018.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.8296"}],"container-title":["Acute Medicine &amp; Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fams2.452","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ams2.452","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ams2.452","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ams2.452","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T13:04:41Z","timestamp":1693746281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ams2.452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ams2.452"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ams2.452","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-8817","2052-8817"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2052-8817"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2052-8817"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e452"}}