{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T21:54:29Z","timestamp":1788990869152,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acute Medicine & Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"Aim<\/jats:title>To identify which subgroups of respiratory failure could benefit more from high\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC<\/jats:styled-content>) or non\u2010invasive ventilation (NIV<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We undertook a multicenter retrospective study of patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF<\/jats:styled-content>) who received HFNC<\/jats:styled-content> or NIV<\/jats:styled-content> as first\u2010line respiratory support between January 2012 and December 2017. The adjusted odds ratios (OR<\/jats:styled-content>) with 95% confidence intervals (CI<\/jats:styled-content>) for HFNC<\/jats:styled-content> versus NIV<\/jats:styled-content> were calculated for treatment failure and 30\u2010day mortality in the overall cohort and in patient subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>High\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy and NIV<\/jats:styled-content> were used in 200 and 378 patients, and the treatment failure and 30\u2010day mortality rates were 56% and 34% in the HFNC<\/jats:styled-content> group and 41% and 39% in the NIV<\/jats:styled-content> group, respectively. The risks of treatment failure and 30\u2010day mortality were not significantly different between the two groups. In subgroup analyses, HFNC<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with increased risk of treatment failure in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema (adjusted OR<\/jats:styled-content> 6.26; 95% CI,<\/jats:styled-content> 2.19\u201317.87; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.01) and hypercapnia (adjusted OR<\/jats:styled-content> 3.70; 95% CI,<\/jats:styled-content> 1.34\u201310.25; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.01), but the 30\u2010day mortality was not significantly different in these subgroups. High\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy was associated with lower risk of 30\u2010day mortality in patients with pneumonia (adjusted OR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.43; 95% CI,<\/jats:styled-content> 0.19\u20130.94; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03) and in patients without hypercapnia (adjusted OR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.51; 95% CI,<\/jats:styled-content> 0.30\u20130.88; P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>High\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy could be more beneficial than NIV<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with pneumonia or non\u2010hypercapnia, but not in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary edema or hypercapnia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ams2.461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T16:32:36Z","timestamp":1569601956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Comparison of high\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy and non\u2010invasive ventilation as first\u2010line therapy in respiratory failure: a multicenter retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3988-2680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Koga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center Yamaguchi University Hospital Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Kaneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center Yamaguchi University Hospital Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nao","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center Yamaguchi University Hospital Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Center Hamanomachi Hospital Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Miyauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Iwakuni Clinical Center Iwakuni Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acute and General Medicine Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouko","family":"Hidaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Respiratory Medicine Kokura Medical Center Kitakyushu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acute and General Medicine Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7397-8507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Tsuruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center Yamaguchi University Hospital Ube Yamaguchi Japan"},{"name":"Acute and General Medicine Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aep280"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00584.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1503326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"CD005351","article-title":"Non\u2010invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary oedema","author":"Vital FM","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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