{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:12:34Z","timestamp":1791238354220,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,2]],"date-time":"2001-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1004659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To date, high human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral load in patients with human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I\u2010associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis has been reported and is thought to be related to the pathogenesis of human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I\u2010associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis. However, the proviral load in cerebrospinal fluid has not been well investigated. We measured human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral load in cerebrospinal fluid cells from human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I\u2010associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis patients using real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan). Human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral load in cerebrospinal fluid cells were significantly higher than that of the matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and a high ratio of human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I proviral load in cerebrospinal fluid cells to peripheral blood mononuclear cells were observed in patients with short duration of illness. Human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I Tax\u2010specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, as detected by peptide\u2010loaded HLA tetramers, accumulated in cerebrospinal fluid compared with that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, while the frequency of cytomegalovirus\u2010specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in cerebrospinal fluid was reduced. These observations suggest that accumulation of both human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I\u2010infected cells and preferential expansion of human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I\u2010specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells in cerebrospinal fluid may play a role in the pathogenesis of human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus type I\u2010associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T23:45:33Z","timestamp":1030319133000},"page":"807-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Increased HTLV\u2010I proviral load and preferential expansion of HTLV\u2010I tax\u2010specific CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T cells in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with 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