{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:15:38Z","timestamp":1790392538323,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,11]],"date-time":"2003-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1060560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing loss is the most frequent long\u2010term complication of pneumococcal meningitis, affecting up to 40% of survivors. Unfortunately, adjuvant therapy with dexamethasone has failed to satisfactorily reduce its incidence. Therefore, we evaluated the use of antioxidants for the adjunctive therapy of meningitis\u2010associated deafness. Eighteen hours after intracisternal injection of 7.5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>colony\u2010forming units of<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, rats were treated systemically either with ceftriaxone and the antioxidants and peroxynitrite scavengers Mn(III)tetrakis(4\u2010benzoic acid)\u2010porphyrin (MnTBAP) or<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetyl\u2010<jats:sc>L<\/jats:sc>\u2010cysteine (NAC) or placebo (1ml phosphate\u2010buffered saline) for 4 days. Hearing was assessed by auditory brainstem response audiometry. Adjunctive antioxidant therapy significantly reduced the long\u2010term hearing loss (14 days after infection) for square wave impulses (mean hearing loss \u00b1 SD: ceftriaxone and placebo, 45\u00b126dB; ceftriaxone and MnTBAP, 9\u00b123dB; ceftriaxone and NAC, 19\u00b130dB) as well as 1kHz (ceftriaxone and placebo, 28\u00b119dB; ceftriaxone and MnTBAP, 10\u00b116dB; ceftriaxone and NAC, 10\u00b117dB), and 10kHz tone bursts (ceftriaxone and placebo, 62\u00b127dB; ceftriaxone and MnTBAP, 16\u00b113dB; ceftriaxone and NAC, 25\u00b126dB). Furthermore, both antioxidants attenuated the morphological correlates of meningogenic hearing loss, namely, long\u2010term blood\u2010labyrinth barrier disruption, spiral ganglion neuronal loss, and fibrous obliteration of the perilymphatic spaces. Adjuvant antioxidant therapy is highly otoprotective in meningitis and therefore is a promising future treatment option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,26]],"date-time":"2003-09-26T08:39:33Z","timestamp":1064565573000},"page":"451-458","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Meningitis\u2010associated hearing loss: Protection by adjunctive antioxidant 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