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Here we describe F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010isoprostane (F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010IsoP) and F<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010neuroprostane (F<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010NP) levels in longitudinally followed, well documented autopsied normal control subjects and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and late\u2010stage AD. Gas chromatography\/negative ion chemical ionization\/mass spectrometry was used to determine F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010IsoP and F<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010NP levels. Significant increases in F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010IsoP levels were found in frontal, parietal and occipital lobes in MCI and late AD compared to controls but no significant differences were present between MCI and late AD. A significant increase in F<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010NPs was present in parietal and occipital lobes in MCI compared to controls and a significant increase was present in these regions and hippocampus in late AD compared to controls. The only difference betwen MCI and late AD was significantly increased F<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010NP in hippocampus in late AD. Our data indicate that lipid peroxidation is present in the brain of MCI patients and suggest that oxidative damage may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. 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