{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T14:08:28Z","timestamp":1777126108325,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,22]],"date-time":"2006-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1148256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) is frequently used as a therapeutic agent to lessen the morbidity of chronic lung disease in premature infants. Surprisingly, little is known about the long\u2010term neurodevelopmental outcomes of this therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using a schedule of tapering doses of DEX similar to that used in premature infants, we examined the consequences of neonatal DEX treatment on hippocampal synaptic plasticity of infants and associative memory later in their lives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neonatal DEX treatment changed the direction of synaptic plasticity, favoring low\u2010frequency, stimulation\u2010induced, long\u2010term depression and opposing the induction of long\u2010term potentiation by high\u2010frequency stimulation in adolescent (5\u2010week\u2010old) rats, but these alterations disappeared in young adult (8\u2010week\u2010old) rats. The effects of DEX on long\u2010term depression and long\u2010term potentiation were found to correlate with an increase in the autophosphorylation of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/calmodulin\u2010dependent protein kinase II and a decrease in the protein phosphatase 1 activity. Neonatal DEX treatment also disrupted memory retention in 5\u2010week\u2010old (but not 8\u2010week\u2010old) rats subjected to passive avoidance learning tasks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that neonatal DEX treatment alters hippocampal synaptic plasticity and contextual fear memory formation in later life, but these impairments apparently are not permanent. Ann Neurol 2006;59:939\u2010951<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,22]],"date-time":"2006-05-22T22:27:07Z","timestamp":1148336827000},"page":"939-951","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of neonatal dexamethasone treatment on hippocampal synaptic 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