{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:50:01Z","timestamp":1790722201016,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,28]],"date-time":"2007-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the causative factors and epidemiology of bilateral vestibulopathy (BV).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective review of 255 patients (mean age, 62 \u00b1 16 years) with BV diagnosed in our dizziness unit between 1988 and 2005. All patients had undergone a standardized neurophthalmological and neurootological examination, electronystagmography with caloric irrigation, cranial magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography (n = 214), and laboratory tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010two percent of the study population were male subjects. Previous vertigo attacks had occurred in 36%, indicating a sequential manifestation. The definite cause of BV was determined in 24% and the probable cause in 25%: The most common causes were ototoxic aminoglycosides (13%), Meni\u00e8re's disease (7%), and meningitis (5%). Strikingly, 25% exhibited cerebellar signs. Cerebellar dysfunction was associated with peripheral polyneuropathy in 32% compared with 18% in BV patients without cerebellar signs. Hypoacusis occurred bilaterally in 25% and unilaterally in 6% of all patients. It appeared most often in patients with BV caused by Cogan's syndrome, meningitis, or Meni\u00e8re's disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cause of BV remains unclear in about half of all patients despite intensive examinations. A large subgroup of these patients have associated cerebellar dysfunction and peripheral polyneuropathy. This suggests a new syndrome that may be caused by neurodegenerative or autoimmune processes. Ann Neurol 2007<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,28]],"date-time":"2007-03-28T19:47:48Z","timestamp":1175111268000},"page":"524-532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":236,"title":["Causative factors and epidemiology of bilateral vestibulopathy in 255 patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Vera C.","family":"Zingler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Cnyrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Jahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Weintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Fernbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Frenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Strupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh617"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520310043015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489509139375"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050225"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410160209"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.2.272"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050192"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1945.00890140064007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4271(97)00075-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(83)90443-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","volume-title":"Pathology of the ear","author":"Schuknecht HF","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00839968"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489109131461"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(08)80281-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(85)80051-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000244473.84246.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","volume-title":"Vertigo. 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