{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:45:10Z","timestamp":1790909110297,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,13]],"date-time":"2007-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1186963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify dysfunctional brain regions critical for impaired reading\/spelling of words\/pseudowords by evaluating acute stroke patients on lexical tests and magnetic resonance imaging, before recovery or reorganization of structure\u2013function relationships.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A series of 106 consenting patients were administered oral reading and spelling tests within 24 hours of left supratentorial stroke onset. Patients underwent diffusion\u2010 and perfusion\u2010weighted magnetic resonance examination the same day to identify regions of hypoperfusion\/infarct of 16 Brodmann areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Simultaneous logistic regression analysis demonstrated that dysfunction of left Brodmann areas 40 (supramarginal gyrus) and 37 (posterior\u2010inferior temporal\/fusiform gyrus) best predicted impairment in reading words (odds ratio [OR], 6.20 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.54\u201324.96] and 2.71 [95% CI, 0.87\u20138.45], respectively), reading pseudowords (OR, 39.65 [95% CI 3.9\u2013400.78] and 4.41 [95% CI, 1.1\u201317.51], respectively), spelling words (OR, 14.11 [95% CI 1.37\u2013144.93] and 7.41 [95% CI, 1.48\u201337.24], respectively), and spelling pseudowords (OR, 4.84 [95% CI, 0.73\u201332.13] and 7.74 [95% CI, 1.56\u201338.51], respectively). Whole\u2010brain voxel\u2010wise analyses demonstrated voxel clusters within these regions that were most strongly associated with task deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results indicate that a shared network of regions including parts of left Brodmann areas 37 and 40 is necessary for reading and spelling of words and pseudowords. Further studies may define the precise roles of these brain regions in language. Identification of any neural regions specific to one of these tasks or one type of stimuli will require study of more patients with selective deficits. Ann Neurol 2007<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,13]],"date-time":"2007-08-13T18:46:38Z","timestamp":1187030798000},"page":"481-492","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Neural regions essential for reading and spelling of words and pseudowords"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Lisa E.","family":"Philipose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca F.","family":"Gottesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Newhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan T.","family":"Kleinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward H.","family":"Herskovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikolaj A.","family":"Pawlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth B.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Heidler\u2010Gary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Argye E.","family":"Hillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","volume-title":"The new cognitive neurosciences","author":"Hillis AE","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1981.0148"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","volume-title":"Reading and writing: one lexicon or two?","author":"Coltheart M","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299208252059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026432998381258"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"197","article-title":"\u2018Sur un cas de c\u00e9cit\u00e9 verbale avec agraphie, suivi d\u2019autopsie.' Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des S\u00e9ances et M\u00e9moires de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Biologie","volume":"3","author":"Dejerine J","year":"1891","journal-title":"Ninth series."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"\u2018Contribution \u00e0 l'\u00e9tude anatomo\u2010pathologique et clinique des diff\u00e9rentes vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de c\u00e9cit\u00e9 verbale.\u2019","volume":"4","author":"Dejerine J","year":"1892","journal-title":"Memoires Societe Biologique"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","series-title":"The Alexias","author":"Benson DF","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/96.4.695"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13554790591006320"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/104.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","volume-title":"Aphasia, alexia, and agraphia","author":"Benson DF","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70804-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13554790409609947"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(02)00284-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.12.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1983.tb01851.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","volume-title":"Surface dyslexia","author":"Bub D","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","volume-title":"Surface dyslexia","author":"Patterson KE","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299308253469"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.96.4.523"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030244000356"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","unstructured":"GoodmanRA CaramazzaA.Phonologically plausible errors: implications for a model of the phoneme\u2010grapheme conversion mechanism in the spelling process. In Augst G ed. Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Graphemics and Orthography."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2006.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030344000067","article-title":"The neural substrates of writing: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"17","author":"Beeson PM","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","unstructured":"RappBC HseihL.Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the cognitive components of the spelling process. Paper presented at: Cognitive Neuroscience Society Meeting;2001; San Francisco."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748208400852"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(90)90134-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000130169.60752.C5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.2.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf094"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhg079"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05205.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.3.919"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-934X(03)00403-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9924(01)00060-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.6.1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl090"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000168081.76859.c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00343-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892903321208196"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929054021085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/0898929054021139"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892999563481"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_2","volume-title":"Lesion analysis in neuropsychology","author":"Damasio H","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KabaniNJ CollinsDL EvansAC.A 3D neuroanatomical atlas. In: Evans AC ed. Fourth International Conference on Functional Mapping of the Human Brain 1998. Quebec Canada: Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(18)31550-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000147043.29399.f6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(01)00036-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634397","article-title":"An architecture for a brain\u2010image database","volume":"39","author":"Herskovits E","year":"2000","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/28389"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00084-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2003.15.5.718"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0911-6044(91)90020-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(98)01201-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.671"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.6.1753"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1589767"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/6.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089892900562309"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(91)90119-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299508251996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030244000248"}],"container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fana.21182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ana.21182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T10:21:07Z","timestamp":1697451667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ana.21182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,13]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ana.21182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.21182","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-5134","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,13]]}}}