{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T02:27:53Z","timestamp":1780108073136,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,4]],"date-time":"2009-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although vigabatrin irreversibly constricts the visual field, it remains a potent therapy for infantile spasms and a third\u2010line drug for refractory epilepsies. In albino animals, this drug induces a reduction in retinal cell function, retinal disorganization, and cone photoreceptor damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the light dependence of the vigabatrin\u2010elicited retinal toxicity and to screen for molecules preventing this secondary effect of vigabatrin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rats and mice were treated daily with 40 and 3mg vigabatrin, respectively. Retinal cell lesions were demonstrated by assessing cell function with electroretinogram measurements, and quantifying retinal disorganization, gliosis, and cone cell densities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vigabatrin\u2010elicited retinal lesions were prevented by maintaining animals in darkness during treatment. Different mechanisms including taurine deficiency were reported to produce such phototoxicity; we therefore measured amino acid plasma levels in vigabatrin\u2010treated animals. Taurine levels were 67% lower in vigabatrin\u2010treated animals than in control animals. Taurine supplementation reduced all components of retinal lesions in both rats and mice. Among six vigabatrin\u2010treated infants, the taurine plasma level was found to be below normal in three patients and undetectable in two patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results indicate that vigabatrin generates a taurine deficiency responsible for its retinal phototoxicity. Future studies will investigate whether cotreatment with taurine and vigabatrin can limit epileptic seizures without inducing the constriction of the visual field. Patients taking vigabatrin could gain immediate benefit from reduced light exposures and dietetic advice on taurine\u2010rich foods. Ann Neurol 2009;65:98\u2013107<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,12]],"date-time":"2009-02-12T20:38:33Z","timestamp":1234471113000},"page":"98-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Taurine deficiency is a cause of vigabatrin\u2010induced retinal 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