{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:45:57Z","timestamp":1791189957101,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,9]],"date-time":"2009-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in tissue repairing and regeneration in ischemic organs, including the brain. However, the cause of EPC migration and the function of EPCs after ischemia are unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the effects of EPCs on ischemic brain injury in a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Circulating human EPCs were characterized with immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. EPCs (1 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) were injected into nude mice after 1 hour of tMCAO. Histological analysis and behavioral tests were performed from day 0 to 28 days after tMCAO.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EPCs were detected in ischemic brain regions 24 hours after tMCAO. EPC transplantation significantly reduced ischemic infarct volume at 3 days after tMCAO compared with control animals (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). CXCR4 was expressed in the majority of EPCs, and stromal\u2010derived factor\u20101 (SDF\u20101) induced EPC migration, which was blocked by pretreated EPCs with AMD3100 in vitro. SDF\u20101 was upregulated in ischemic brain. Compared with control animals, injecting AMD3100\u2010pretreated EPCs resulted in a larger infarct volume 3 days after tMCAO, suggesting that SDF\u20101\u2013mediated signaling was involved in EPC\u2010mediated neuroprotection. In addition, EPC transplantation reduced mouse cortex atrophy 4 weeks after tMCAO and improved neurobehavioral outcomes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). EPC injection potently increased angiogenesis in the peri\u2010infarction area (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude that systemic delivery of EPCs protects the brain against ischemic injury, promotes neurovascular repair, and improves long\u2010term neurobehavioral outcomes. Our data suggest that SDF\u20101\u2013mediated signaling plays a critical role in EPC\u2010mediated neuroprotection. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:488\u2013497<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,9]],"date-time":"2009-11-09T09:32:00Z","timestamp":1257759120000},"page":"488-497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":257,"title":["Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation improves long\u2010term stroke outcome in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Yongfeng","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanxia","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Frenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqin","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianrong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William 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