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The degree of U\u2010shape and the range of lowest risk (threshold ranges) varied with antihypertensive medication use and presence of the <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 allele. The U\u2010shape was most prominent for the subgroup not taking antihypertensive medications and having an <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 allele. At higher BPs, those having the <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> \u03b54 allele and not receiving antihypertensive medication were at greater risk of AD dementia than other groups: The risk of incident AD dementia increased by 100% (relative risk [RR]\u2009=\u20092.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.70, 2.31) for every 10\u2009mm Hg increase in SBP above 140\u2009mm Hg. For DBP, the risk of incident of AD dementia increased by 57% (RR\u2009=\u20091.57; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.33, 1.86) for every 5\u2009mm Hg increase in DBP above 76\u2009mm Hg.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The BP risk of AD dementia association is U\u2010shaped, with elevated risk at lower and higher BPs. People having the APOE \u03b54 allele and not receiving antihypertensive medication with higher BPs have notably elevated risk of AD dementia. Ann Neurol 2018;83:935\u2013944<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,11]],"date-time":"2018-04-11T03:24:35Z","timestamp":1523417075000},"page":"935-944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Blood pressure and risk of incident Alzheimer's disease dementia by antihypertensive medications and APOE \u03b54 allele"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Kumar B.","family":"Rajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of California at Davis Davis, CA"},{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Center University of California at Davis Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa L.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer's Disease Center University of California at Davis Chicago, 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