{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T16:40:11Z","timestamp":1782837611951,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>JC virus (JCV) infection is a lytic infection of oligodendrocytes in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; less common forms of central nervous system manifestations associated with JCV infection include granule cell neuronopathy, encephalopathy, and meningitis. Presented is the first case of fatal JCV encephalopathy after immunosuppressive therapy that included ruxolitinib.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postmortem analysis included next generation sequencing, Sanger sequencing, tissue immunohistochemistry, and formalin\u2010fixed hemisphere 7T magnetic resonance imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>JCV DNA isolated from postmortem tissue samples identified a novel 12bp insertion that altered the transcription site binding pattern in an otherwise \u201cwild\u2010type virus,\u201d which has long been thought to be the nonpathogenic form of JCV. Anti\u2010VP1 staining demonstrated infection in cortical neurons, hippocampal neurons, and glial and endothelial cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>This expands the spectrum of identified JCV diseases associated with broad\u2010spectrum immunosuppression, including JAK\u2010STAT inhibitors, and sheds light on an additional neurotropic virus strain of the archetype variety. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:878\u2013884<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T23:09:40Z","timestamp":1570748980000},"page":"878-884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Fatal encephalopathy with wild\u2010type JC virus and ruxolitinib therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6305-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren Bowen","family":"Reoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sections of Infections of the Nervous System NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)  Bethesda MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher Julius","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Lab of Pathology NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI)  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