{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:06:45Z","timestamp":1792202805215,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n The main objective was to compare clinical features, disease course, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody (Ab) dynamics between children and adults with MOG\u2010Ab\u2013associated disease (MOGAD).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective multicentric, national study included 98 children and 268 adults with MOGAD between January 2014 and September 2019. Cox regression model for recurrent time\u2010to\u2010event data and Kaplan\u2013Meier curves for time to antibody negativity were performed for the objectives.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Isolated optic neuritis was the most frequent clinical presentation in both children (40.8%) and adults (55.9%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.013), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis syndrome was more frequent in children (36.7% vs 5.6%,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). Compared to adults, children displayed better recovery (Expanded Disability Status Scale \u2265\u20093.0 at last follow\u2010up reached only by 10 of 97 [10.3%] vs 66\/247 [26.7%],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). In the multivariate analysis, adults were at higher risk of relapse than children (hazard ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] =\u20091.12\u20131.78,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003). At 2\u2009years, 64.2% (95% CI = 40.9\u201386.5) of nonrelapsing children became MOG\u2010Ab negative compared to 14.1% (95% CI = 4.7\u201338.3) of relapsing children (log\u2010rank\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001), with no differences observed in adults (log\u2010rank\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.280).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n MOGAD patients differ in the clinical presentation at onset, showing an age\u2010related shift in the clinical features across age groups. Compared to children, adults have a higher risk of relapse and worse functional recovery. Finally, children with monophasic disease become MOG\u2010Ab negative earlier than relapsing children, but this is not true in adults. Considering these differences, management and treatment guidelines should be considered independently in children and adults. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:30\u201341<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T23:56:41Z","timestamp":1600732601000},"page":"30-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":268,"title":["Clinical Features and Risk of Relapse in Children and Adults with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody\u2013Associated Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2574-0721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro","family":"Cobo\u2010Calvo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroinflammation, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices Lyon France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology\u2010Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, U1028 INSERM, UMR5292 CNRS, FLUID Team Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, U1028 INSERM, UMR5292 CNRS, FLUID Team Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5752-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabien","family":"Rollot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon Civil Hospices, EDMUS Foundation, OFSEP, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Arrambide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology\u2010Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Deschamps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Adolphe de Rothschild Hospital Foundation Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Maillart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Reference Center for Rare Inflammatory Diseases of the Brain and Bone Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Papeix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Reference Center for Rare Inflammatory Diseases of the Brain and Bone Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Audoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix\u2010Marseille University, Public Assistance Hospitals of Marseille, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neuroscience Center, Neurology Department Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Fabienne","family":"L\u00e9pine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Department Timone Hospital, Public Assistance Hospitals of Marseille Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Maurey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Referral Center for Neuroinflammatory Diseases and Pediatric Neurology Department Public Hospital Network of Paris, Bic\u00eatre Hospital Le Kremlin\u2010Bic\u00eatre France"},{"name":"Department of Neuropediatrics, University of Paris\u2010Sud Le Kremlin\u2010Bic\u00eatre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Zephir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172\u2013Laboratory of Neuroinflammation and Multiple Sclerosis, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Lille France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology SEP Resource and Competence Center Lille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Biotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology CRC\u2010SEP, Toulouse University Hospital Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Ciron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology CRC\u2010SEP, Toulouse University Hospital Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francoise","family":"Durand\u2010Dubief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroinflammation, Pierre Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Lyon Civil Hospices Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Collongues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center, INSERM 1434 Strasbourg University Hospital Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3834-2981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Ayrignac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Montpellier University Hospital Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Labauge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Montpellier University Hospital Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology CHU Montpellier, PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Thouvenot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Car\u00e9meau Hospital, Nimes University Hospital Nimes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Bourre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Rouen University Hospital Rouen France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Montcuquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Dupuytren Hospital Limoges France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, CRCSEP, Cote d'Azur Clinical Research Unit, Pasteur University Hospital Center 2 Nice France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Horello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunovirology INSERM, U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, University of Paris\u2010Sud 11, CEA, DSV\/iMETI, IDMIT, Faculty of Medicine Le Kremlin\u2010Bic\u00eatre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Tintor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology\u2010Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona 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