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The aim of this study was to assess the functional alterations of these 2 networks, their changes over time, and links to cognition in Alzheimer's disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed MTL connectivity in 53 amyloid\u2010\u03b2\u2013positive patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD dementia and 68 healthy elderly controls, using resting\u2010state functional magnetic resonance imaging, cross\u2010sectionally and longitudinally. First, we compared the functional connectivity of the posterior\u2013medial and anterior\u2013temporal networks within the control group to highlight their specificities. Second, we compared the connectivity of these networks between groups, and between baseline and 18\u2010month follow\u2010up in patients. Third, we assessed the association in the connectivity changes between the 2 networks, and with cognitive performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found decreased connectivity in patients specifically between the hippocampus and the posterior\u2013medial network, together with increased connectivity between several MTL subregions and the anterior\u2013temporal network. Moreover, changes in the posterior\u2013medial and anterior\u2013temporal networks were interrelated such that decreased MTL\u2013posterior\u2013medial connectivity was associated with increased MTL\u2013anterior\u2013temporal connectivity. Finally, both MTL\u2013posterior\u2013medial decrease and MTL\u2013anterior\u2013temporal increase predicted cognitive decline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings demonstrate that longitudinal connectivity changes in the posterior\u2013medial and anterior\u2013temporal hippocampal networks are linked together and that they both contribute to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. These results shed light on the critical role of the posterior\u2013medial and anterior\u2013temporal networks in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology and clinical symptoms. 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