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Functional connectivity between each lesion location and the rest of the brain was assessed using a normative connectome (n\u00a0=\u00a01,000), and connections specific to CPSP were identified. Metabolic changes specific to CPSP were also identified and related to differences in lesion connectivity. Therapeutic relevance of the network was explored by testing for alignment with existing brain stimulation data and by prospectively targeting the network with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in 7 patients with CPSP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lesion locations causing CPSP showed a specific pattern of brain connectivity that was consistent across two independent lesion datasets (spatial\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.82,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.0001). Connectivity differences were correlated with postlesion metabolism (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u2009\u22120.48,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). The topography of this lesion\u2010based pain network aligned with variability in pain improvement across 12 prior neuromodulation targets and across 32 patients who received rTMS to primary motor cortex (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.05). Prospectively targeting this network with rTMS improved CPSP in 6 of 7 patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lesions causing pain are connected to a specific brain network that shows metabolic abnormalities and promise as a neuromodulation target. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:834\u2013845<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:09:45Z","timestamp":1659485385000},"page":"834-845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Network Effects of Brain Lesions Causing Central\n                    <scp>Poststroke<\/scp>\n                    Pain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9888-3953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Research, Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yongin Severance Hospital  Yongin Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Center for Digital Heath, Yongin Severance Hospital  Yongin Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, and Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5234-2454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Wook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Research, Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Borsook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3457-9415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juho","family":"Joutsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turku Brain and Mind Center, Clinical Neurosciences University of Turku  Turku Finland"},{"name":"Turku PET Center, Neurocenter Turku University Hospital  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Quesada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Integration of Pain (NeuroPain) Laboratory\u2014Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1028  Lyon France"},{"name":"Stephanois Pain Center, Saint\u2010Etienne Regional University Hospital Center  Saint\u2010Etienne France"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Claude Bernard Lyon\u20101 University  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Peyron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Integration of Pain (NeuroPain) Laboratory\u2014Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, National Institute of Health and Medical Research U1028  Lyon France"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Claude Bernard Lyon\u20101 University  Lyon France"},{"name":"Neurology Department, Saint\u2010Etienne Regional University Hospital Center  Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8848-6399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael D.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, and Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"International Association for the Study of Pain. 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