{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T15:29:32Z","timestamp":1787671772980,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005930","name":"ASCRS Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005930","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the effect of additional mobile stroke unit (MSU) dispatch on functional outcomes among the full spectrum of stroke patients, regardless of subtype or potential contraindications to reperfusion therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used data from the nonrandomized Berlin\u2010based B_PROUD study (02\/2017 to 05\/2019), in which MSUs were dispatched based solely on availability, and the linked B\u2010SPATIAL stroke registry. All patients with final stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) diagnoses were eligible. The intervention under study was the additional dispatch of an MSU, an emergency physician\u2010staffed ambulance equipped to provide prehospital imaging and thrombolytic treatment, compared to conventional ambulance alone. The primary outcome was the 3\u2010month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, and the co\u2010primary outcome was a 3\u2010tiered disability scale. We identified confounders using directed acyclic graphs and obtained adjusted effect estimates using inverse probability of treatment weighting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MSUs were dispatched to 1,125 patients (mean age: 74\u2009years, 46.5% female), while for 1,141 patients\u00a0only conventional ambulances were dispatched (75\u2009years, 49.9% female). After confounding adjustment, MSU dispatch was associated with more favorable 3\u2010month mRS scores (common odds ratio [cOR]\u00a0=\u00a00.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71\u20130.94). No statistically significant association was found with the co\u2010primary outcome (cOR\u00a0=\u00a00.86; 9% CI: 0.72\u20131.01) or 7\u2010day mortality (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.94; 95% CI: 0.59\u20131.48).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>When considering the entire population of stroke\/TIA patients, MSU dispatch improved 3\u2010month functional outcomes without evidence of compromised safety. Our results are relevant for decision\u2010makers since stroke subtype and treatment eligibility are unknown at time of dispatch. 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H.","family":"Nolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Klinik und Hochschulambulanz f\u00fcr Neurologie Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darius G.","family":"Nabavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Neurologie mit Stroke Unit Vivantes Klinikum Neuk\u00f6lln  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Schmehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Neurologie mit Stroke Unit und Fr\u00fchrehabilitation Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin  Berlin 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