{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:53:23Z","timestamp":1790639603651,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FI21\/00282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FI21\/00282"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JR19\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JR19\/00007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI20\/00800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI20\/00800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG\u2010Ab) distinguish multiple sclerosis (MS) from MOG\u2010associated disease in most cases. However, studies analyzing MOG\u2010Ab at the time of a first demyelinating event suggestive of MS in adults are lacking. We aimed to (1) evaluate the prevalence of MOG\u2010Ab in a first demyelinating event suggestive of MS and (2) compare clinical and paraclinical features between seropositive (MOG\u2010Ab+) and seronegative (MOG\u2010Ab\u2212) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six hundred thirty adult patients with available serum samples obtained within 6\u2009months from the first event were included. MOG\u2010Ab were analyzed using a live cell\u2010based assay. Statistical analyses included parametric and nonparametric tests, logistic regression, and survival models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MOG\u2010Ab were positive in 17 of 630 (2.7%). Fourteen out of 17 (82.4%) MOG\u2010Ab+ patients presented with optic neuritis (ON) compared to 227of 613 (37.0%) MOG\u2010Ab\u2212 patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009). Cerebrospinal fluid\u2010restricted oligoclonal bands (CSF\u2010OBs) were found in 2 of 16 (12.5%) MOG\u2010Ab+ versus 371 of 601 (61.7%) MOG\u2010Ab\u2212 subjects (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Baseline brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal in 9 of 17 (52.9%) MOG\u2010Ab+ versus 153 of 585 (26.2%) MOG\u2010Ab\u2212 patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029). Absence of CSF\u2010OBs and ON at onset were independently associated with MOG\u2010Ab positivity (odds ratio [OR] =\u20099.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] =\u20092.04\u201353.6, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009; and OR\u2009=\u20094.17, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.15\u201319.8, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042, respectively). Of MOG\u2010Ab+ patients, 22.9% (95% CI\u2009=\u20090.0\u201342.7) compared to 67.6% (95% CI\u2009=\u200963.3\u201371.3) of MOG\u2010Ab\u2212 patients fulfilled McDonald 2017 criteria at 5\u2009years (log\u2010rank <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>MOG\u2010Ab are infrequent in adults with a first demyelinating event suggestive of MS. However, based on our results, we suggest to determine these antibodies in those patients with ON and absence of CSF\u2010OBs, as long as the brain MRI is not suggestive of MS. 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Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Autonomous University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pere","family":"Carbonell\u2010Mirabent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology\u2010Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Autonomous University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology\u2010Neuroimmunology Department, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Autonomous University of Barcelona  Barcelona 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