{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T06:31:40Z","timestamp":1789713100766,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent evidence shows that during slow\u2010wave sleep (SWS), the brain is cleared from potentially toxic metabolites, such as the amyloid\u2010beta protein. Poor sleep or elevated cortisol levels can worsen amyloid\u2010beta clearance, potentially leading to the formation of amyloid plaques, a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease. Here, we explored how nocturnal neural and endocrine activity affects amyloid\u2010beta fluctuations in the peripheral blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We acquired simultaneous polysomnography and all\u2010night blood sampling in 60 healthy volunteers aged 20\u201368\u2009years. Nocturnal plasma concentrations of amyloid\u2010beta\u201040, amyloid\u2010beta\u201042, cortisol, and growth hormone were assessed every 20\u2009minutes. Amyloid\u2010beta fluctuations were modeled with sleep stages, (non)oscillatory power, and hormones as predictors while controlling for age and participant\u2010specific random effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amyloid\u2010beta\u201040 and amyloid\u2010beta\u201042 levels correlated positively with growth hormone concentrations, SWS proportion, and slow\u2010wave (0.3\u20134Hz) oscillatory and high\u2010band (30\u201348Hz) nonoscillatory power, but negatively with cortisol concentrations and rapid eye movement sleep (REM) proportion measured 40\u2013100\u2009minutes previously (all <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> values\u2009&gt;\u2009|3|, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> values\u2009&lt;\u20090.003). Older participants showed higher amyloid\u2010beta\u201040 levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Slow\u2010wave oscillations are associated with higher plasma amyloid\u2010beta levels, whereas REM sleep is related to decreased amyloid\u2010beta plasma levels, possibly representing changes in central amyloid\u2010beta production or clearance. Strong associations between cortisol, growth hormone, and amyloid\u2010beta presumably reflect the sleep\u2010regulating role of the corresponding releasing hormones. A positive association between age and amyloid\u2010beta\u201040 may indicate that peripheral clearance becomes less efficient with age. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:46\u201360<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T12:39:57Z","timestamp":1713271197000},"page":"46-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Divergent Associations of Slow\u2010Wave Sleep versus Rapid Eye Movement Sleep with Plasma Amyloid\u2010Beta"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6792-787X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yevgenia","family":"Rosenblum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Stange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik D.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Sleep and Cognition Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonore","family":"Bovy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Tzioridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Lancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases  Magdeburg Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg  Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Neville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5072-5347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadja","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Uncertainty Quantification and Statistical Learning, Department of Statistics Technische Universit\u00e4t Dortmund  Dortmund Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo","family":"de Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Institut f\u00fcr Analysis und Algebra  Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"Stritzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Institut f\u00fcr Analysis und Algebra  Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Kersten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Uhr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jurgen A. 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Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7441-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Dresler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241224"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.1173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.6240"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12930"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"1537","article-title":"Self\u2010reported sleep and 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