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Here, we explored the mechanisms involved in the expression and prediction of different cognitive phenotypes over 4\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2 independent cohorts (total n\u2009=\u2009475), we performed a cluster analysis to identify trajectories of cognitive progression. Baseline and longitudinal level\u2009II neuropsychological assessments were conducted, and baseline structural magnetic resonance imaging, resting electroencephalogram and neurofilament light chain plasma quantification were carried out. Linear mixed\u2010effects models were used to study longitudinal changes. Risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia were estimated using multivariable hazard regression. Spectral power density from the electroencephalogram at baseline and source localization were computed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two cognitive trajectories were identified. Cluster 1 presented stability (PD\u2010Stable) over time, whereas cluster 2 showed progressive cognitive decline (PD\u2010Progressors). The PD\u2010Progressors group showed an increased risk for evolving to PD mild cognitive impairment (HR 2.09; 95% CI 1.11\u20133.95) and a marked risk for dementia (HR 4.87; 95% CI 1.34\u201317.76), associated with progressive worsening in posterior\u2010cortical\u2010dependent cognitive processes. Both clusters showed equivalent clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and neurofilament light chain levels at baseline. Conversely, the PD\u2010Progressors group showed a fronto\u2010temporo\u2010occipital and parietal slow\u2010wave power density increase, that was in turn related to worsening at 2 and 4\u2009years of follow\u2010up in different cognitive measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the absence of differences in baseline cognitive function and typical markers of neurodegeneration, the further development of an aggressive cognitive decline in PD is associated with increased slow\u2010wave power density and with a different profile of worsening in several posterior\u2010cortical\u2010dependent tasks. 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