{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T20:21:04Z","timestamp":1787862064493,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient\u2010reported outcome measures (PROMs), which capture patients' perspectives on the consequences of health and disease, are widely used in neurological care and research. However, it is unclear how PROMs relate to performance\u2010rated impairments. Sociodemographic factors are known to affect PROMs. Direct damage to brain regions critical for self\u2010awareness (i.e., parietal regions and the salience\/ventral\u2010attention network) may also impair self\u2010report outcomes. This study examined the relationship between PROMs and performance\u2010based measures in stroke survivors with arm motor impairments. We hypothesized that PROMs would be distinct from performance\u2010based outcomes, influenced by sociodemographic factors, and linked to damage in brain circuits involved in self\u2010perception.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We longitudinally assessed 54 stroke survivors using patient\u2010reported and performance\u2010rated measures at 4 timepoints. We used factor analysis to reveal the outcome battery's factorial structure. Linear regression examined the association between classes of measures and sociodemographics. Voxel\u2010lesion\u2010symptom\u2010mapping, region\u2010of\u2010interest\u2010based analysis, and voxel\u2010lesion\u2010network\u2010mapping investigated the relationship between classes of outcomes and stroke\u2010related injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Performance\u2010based and patient\u2010reported measures formed distinct factors, consistent across recovery phases. Higher education (\u03b21\u2009=\u20090.36,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) and income adequacy (\u03b22\u2009=\u20090.48,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05) were associated with patient\u2010reported, but not performance\u2010rated outcomes. Greater parietal lobe injury, irrespective of hemisphere, was associated with worse patient\u2010reported outcomes; greater corticospinal tract injury related to worse performance\u2010rated outcomes. Lesions with greater functional connectivity to the salience\/ventral\u2010attention network were associated with worse patient\u2010reported outcomes (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings reveal important differences between performance\u2010rated and patient\u2010reported outcomes, each with specific associated factors and anatomy post\u2010stroke. Incorporating sociodemographic and neuroanatomic characteristics into neurorehabilitation strategies may inform and optimize patient outcomes. 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