{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:48:37Z","timestamp":1791906517585,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Oropouche virus (OROV) is an arthropod\u2010borne virus (arbovirus) in the\n                    <jats:italic>Orthobunyavirus<\/jats:italic>\n                    genus and\n                    <jats:italic>Peribunyaviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                    viral family that is endemic to parts of South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. It has recently emerged in Cuba, and travel\u2010imported cases are recently being reported in the United States and Europe. Typically maintained in a sylvatic cycle between certain forest sloths, non\u2010human primates, birds, and mosquitoes, OROV disease outbreaks can occur in an urban cycle between certain biting midges and\/or mosquitoes and humans. Clinically, approximately 60% of infections are symptomatic with an abrupt fever and non\u2010specific influenza\u2010like illness within 3 to 10\u2009days. Many initial OROV infections can present similarly to chikungunya, dengue, and Zika virus infections. Interestingly, OROV infections can follow a biphasic course with recurrence of symptoms approximately 1\u2009week after initial symptom onset. Concerningly, similar to Zika virus, it appears that vertical transmission of OROV may occur with potentially adverse effects on fetal development including miscarriages. Neuroinvasion of OROV occurs in animal models, and human cases of meningitis, encephalitis, and peri\u2010infectious Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome have all been reported. Diagnosis is either through detection of OROV nucleic acid, OROV immunoglobulin M, or OROV neutralizing antibodies in the serum and\/or cerebrospinal fluid. No antiviral treatments are available, and there are no current vaccines. Preventing mosquito and biting midge bites is key. Neurologists should be aware of and report any potential neuroinvasive OROV disease cases to local\/state\/territorial health departments. 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David","family":"Beckham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Microbiology, Investigator O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute UT Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth L.","family":"Tyler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroinfectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology, and Department of Medicine and Immunology\u2010Microbiology University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1961.10.574"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"CDC.Oropouche virus. Updated September 18 2024. 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