{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:31:32Z","timestamp":1789515092020,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012066","name":"Wings for Life","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WFL\u2010BE\u201020\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WFL\u2010BE\u201020\/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is diagnosed by imaging and clinical scoring using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS). These methods have limited value for prognosis. Here, the prognostic value of plasma neurofilament\u2010light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and contactin\u20101 (CNTN\u20101) was analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biomarker levels were determined in the plasma of traumatic SCI patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200937) and healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922). SCI samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009112) were collected at different time points from 0 to 4\u2009days to 18\u2009weeks post\u2010injury. NfL and GFAP were measured by single molecule array (Simoa) technology, CNTN\u20101 by Luminex. Baseline and outcome AIS and motor scores were collected as a measure of injury severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>NfL, GFAP, and CNTN\u20101 showed different kinetics in SCI patients over time. Baseline biomarker levels could identify AIS\u2010A SCI patients (NfL\u2009+\u2009GFAP) and discriminate between patients with a motor score change &lt;5 and those with a change \u22655 (NfL\u2009+\u2009GFAP+CNTN\u20101). Longitudinally, NfL could identify AIS\u2010A patients up to 12\u2009weeks post\u2010SCI and discriminate between patients with a motor score change &lt;5 and those with a change \u22655 up to 18\u2009weeks post\u2010SCI. Further, baseline biomarker levels positively (NfL\u2009+\u2009GFAP) or negatively (CNTN\u20101) correlated with outcome injury severity and together could accurately predict AIS conversion (AUC 0.863) and motor score change (AUC 0.857). This predictive ability was maintained in subacute\/chronic SCI stages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>In conclusion, plasma NfL, GFAP, and CNTN\u20101 are potential prognostic biomarkers in SCI. This is important for patient stratification in clinical trials, prediction of neurological outcome and informed decision\u2010making in SCI treatment and rehabilitation. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:1180\u20131189<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.27198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T12:12:34Z","timestamp":1738757554000},"page":"1180-1189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Longitudinal Plasma Biomarker Profiles Predict Neurological Outcome in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0272-8209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Fraussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute UHasselt\u2014Hasselt University  Hasselt Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sjors G. J. G.","family":"In't Veld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience\u2014Neurodegeneration  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte C. M.","family":"van Laake\u2010Geelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology  Hoensbroek The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Depreitere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Deckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Algemeen Ziekenhuis (AZ) Turnhout  Turnhout Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Ziekenhuis Oost\u2010Limburg  Genk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Peuskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Ziekenhuis Oost\u2010Limburg  Genk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwin M. J.","family":"Cornips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Ziekenhuis Oost\u2010Limburg  Genk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Bamps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Jessa Hospital  Hasselt Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte E.","family":"Teunissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience\u2014Neurodegeneration  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veerle","family":"Somers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute UHasselt\u2014Hasselt University  Hasselt Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2007.11753928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2020.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1994.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.2982"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04422-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2014.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0058-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00616-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512443092"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307454"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0264"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000206744"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2017.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000199927.78531.b5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1313769110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","article-title":"Contactin\u20101 and contactin\u20102 in cerebrospinal fluid as potential biomarkers for axonal domain dysfunction in multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Chatterjee M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211010097"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","article-title":"Serum Contactin\u20101 in CIDP: a cross\u2010sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Wieske L","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2015.00179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2022-0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00300"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2007.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14612-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfaa039"}],"container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ana.27198","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T05:21:40Z","timestamp":1747372900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ana.27198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ana.27198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.27198","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-5134","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}