{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:15:45Z","timestamp":1761707745636},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]],"date-time":"2004-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9898,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An innocuous intravenous portable radioisotopic test using technetium 99m pertechnetate was employed to demonstrate the deficit of cerebral blood flow associated with brain death. The results are compared to those of bilateral carotid and vertebral angiography in 20 patients. Absence of a bolus tracing from the head in the presence of a control tracing of a bolus from the femoral artery in two successive studies one hour apart reliably correlated with the clinical and electroencephalographic findings signifying cerebal death in comatose, apneic patients. Angiography indicated absence of intracranial circulation in 10 patients. Stasis filling or retrograde emptying of arterial vessels (or both) occurred in 7 patients. There was no evidence of venous filling in any of these 17 patients; all of them had either an absent head bolus or an \u201cintermediate tracing.\u201d Results indicate that either form of tracing represents a critical decrease of cerebral blood flow. Two other patients had evidence of severely impaired abnormal posterior fossa circulation without angiographic evidence of cerebral circulation; both of these patients had an absent head bolus. An additional patient had an unusually small head bolus, and angiography revealed extravasation of radiopaque material but no evidence of intracranial circulation. We conclude that the bolus technique is a helpful adjunct in diagnosing brain death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410020304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,31]],"date-time":"2004-12-31T22:50:11Z","timestamp":1104533411000},"page":"195-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Brain death: I. Angiographic correlation with the radioisotopic bolus technique for evaluation of critical deficit of cerebral blood flow"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Julius","family":"Korein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Braunstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajax","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melvin","family":"Wichter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irvin","family":"Kricheff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Lieberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"356","article-title":"Predictive value of clinical criteria in cerebral death (abstract)","volume":"26","author":"Allen N","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.237.10.982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","volume-title":"An Atlas of EEG in Coma and Cerebral Death","author":"Bennett D","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(61)90016-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-85860-4_69"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91019-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.118.4.757"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)92148-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-85860-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1228921"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.205.10.675"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"Circulation","author":"Folkow B","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","unstructured":"Guidelines in EEG.WilloughbyOH American Electroencephalographic Society 1976pp21\u201328."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/155005947200300203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"3804","article-title":"Hj\u00e4nrd\u00f6d, Sammanfattning ar ett Symposium","volume":"69","author":"Ingvar DH","year":"1972","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90242-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"On cerebral, brain and systemic death: current concepts of cerebrovascular disease","volume":"8","author":"Korein J","year":"1973","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Neurology and cerebral death\u2014definitions and differential diagnosis","volume":"100","author":"Korein J","year":"1975","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.51.5.924"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"178","article-title":"On the diagnosis of cerebral death: a prospective study on 55 patients to define irreversible coma","volume":"2","author":"Korein J","year":"1971","journal-title":"Clin Electroencephalogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","unstructured":"KricheffI BraunsteinP KoreinJ et al: Comparison between isotopic and angiographic determination of cerebral blood flow.Acta Radiol(in press)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851720130P140"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"856","article-title":"Cerebral angioscintigraphy in brain death and in coma due to drug intoxication","volume":"14","author":"Nordlander S","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PearsonJ KoreinJ WichterM et al: Brain Death: II. Neuropatholigical correlation with the radioisotopic bolus technique for evaluation of critical deficit of cerebral blood flow.Ann Neurol pp206\u2013210. this issue","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410020305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","volume-title":"The Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma","author":"Plum F","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.236.10.1123"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","volume-title":"The Physiology of the Cerebral Circulation","author":"Purves MJ","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.20.8.740"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.20.6.525"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.209.10.1505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","first-page":"75","volume-title":"The Clinical Neurosciences","author":"Walker AE","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","first-page":"29","article-title":"Criteria of cerebral death","volume":"100","author":"Walker AE","year":"1975","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","volume-title":"Fundamentals of the Tracer Method","author":"Welch TJC","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","volume-title":"Applied Physiology","author":"Wright S","year":"1971"}],"container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fana.410020304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ana.410020304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T09:55:20Z","timestamp":1698918920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ana.410020304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1977,9]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ana.410020304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410020304","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-5134","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1977,9]]}}}