{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T09:03:43Z","timestamp":1778058223029,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]],"date-time":"2004-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9411,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The capacity of delayed barbiturate administration to limit brain damage after unilateral cerebral ischemia was examined histologically in gerbils. The right common carotid artery was occluded in 50 animals under brief (3\u2010minute) halothane anesthesia; 18 animals (36%) developed motor abnormalities consistent with stroke. The arterial clasps were removed after 1 hour and the abnormal animals were divided into treatment and placebo groups. Treated gerbils received sodium pentobarbital (70 mg\/kg) intraperitoneally 1 hour after clasp removal and a smaller dose (50 mg\/kg) 2 hours later; these animals lost corneal reflexes but retained spontaneous respiration and were kept normothermic. Animals in the placebo group received equivalent volumes of normal saline. Except for the period of anesthesia, both groups had similar postischemic motor behavior.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Neuropathological examination of animals killed by perfusion\u2010fixation after 24 hours revealed fewer pentobarbital\u2010treated animals with shif of midline structures and with ipsilateral ischemic damage (including infarction). Compared with the placebo group, there was less extensive neuronal ischemic cell change in five regions of the ipsilateral cerebral hemispheres of the pentobarbital\u2010treated animals (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The results suggest that barbiturates administered as long as 1 hour after the end of an ischemic insult can still limit brain damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410050109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T16:49:18Z","timestamp":1104598158000},"page":"59-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Delayed pentobarbital administration limits ischemic brain damage in gerbils"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"David E.","family":"Levy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"Brierley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(75)90188-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"7.4","article-title":"Thiopental amelioration of postischemic encephalopathy in monkeys","volume":"64","author":"Blayaert AL","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand 56 [Suppl]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-66524-0_39"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"87","article-title":"The nature, distribution and earliest stages of anoxic\u2010ischaemic nerve cell damage in the rat brain as defined by the optical microscope","volume":"49","author":"Brown AW","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(75)90078-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.4.4.568"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"147","article-title":"Timing of pentobarbital administration for brain protection in experimental stroke","volume":"5","author":"Corkill G","year":"1976","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"207","article-title":"The effect of barbiturates on amino acid release from cerebral cortex (abstract)","volume":"8","author":"Cutler RWP","year":"1977","journal-title":"Trans Am Soc Neurochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"433","article-title":"Effect of anticonvulsants on seizures in gerbils (abstract)","volume":"21","author":"Goldblatt D","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1973.00490240049008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"146","volume-title":"Brain Metabolism and Cerebral Disorders","author":"Himwich HE","year":"1951"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.6.1.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.7.3.301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00696570"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.22.5.510"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"383","article-title":"Seizure propagation and ATP depletion in the rat stroke model (abstract)","volume":"28","author":"Kogure K","year":"1978","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(66)90062-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.38.12.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1977.tb07709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"378","article-title":"Delayed dissociation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism following stroke in gerbils (abstract)","volume":"28","author":"Levy DE","year":"1978","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.8.5.627"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(75)90160-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1967.00470280080008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1977.00500180028006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1973.00490190028002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.6.4.405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1976.00500050031006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.9.870"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(75)90096-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.40.6.595"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","first-page":"7.2","article-title":"Studies on the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage and the mechanism of its amelioration by thiopental","volume":"64","author":"Nemoto EM","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand 56 [Suppl]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104623"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1954.tb03153.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1974.tb05729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","first-page":"116","volume-title":"Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Siegel S","year":"1956"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197709000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.5.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"Failure of pentothal to protect from anoxic cerebral injury","volume":"9","author":"Snyder BD","year":"1978","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","first-page":"163","article-title":"Effects of pentobarbital and Ca++ on release of several neurotransmitters (abstract)","volume":"8","author":"Waller M","year":"1977","journal-title":"Trans Am Soc Neurochem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","first-page":"291","article-title":"Blood flow and oxygen consumption of the human brain during anesthesia produced by thiopental","volume":"24","author":"Wechsler RL","year":"1963","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1965.tb03499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.3.6.726"}],"container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fana.410050109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ana.410050109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T18:13:13Z","timestamp":1698948793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ana.410050109"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1979,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ana.410050109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410050109","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-5134","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1979,1]]}}}