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Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) derivatives and isobutyl methylxanthine elicited similar changes. Reflex activation of the cholinergic parasympathetic input to the iris and transplant by illumination of the ipsilateral retina also induced seizures or increased the rate of penicillin\u2010induced interictal spike discharge. Application of \u03b2\u2010adrenergic agonists inhibited interictal spikes and paroxysmal depolarizing shifts induced by penicillin. Fluorescence histochemical studies showed that host sympathetic adrenergic fibers derived from the ground plexus of the iris invaded the transplant to form fine varicose nerve terminals. Activation of these adrenergic afferents to the transplant diminished both the amplitude and frequency of penicillin\u2010induced epileptiform activity. Epileptiform activity in hippocampal occular transplants is strongly modulated by cholinergic and adrenergic neuronal inputs, with the former exerting a facilatory influence and the latter, an inhibitory effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410060402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T16:55:21Z","timestamp":1104598521000},"page":"281-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Seizures and related epileptiform activity in hippocampus transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye: Modulation by cholinergic and adrenergic input"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Freedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ake","family":"Seiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry J.","family":"Hoffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Experimental Models of Epilepsy","author":"Ajmone\u2010Marsan C","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600640106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(73)90087-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"597","article-title":"Effects of xanthine derivatives on lipolysis and on adenosine 3\u2032,5\u2032\u2010monophosphate phosphodiesterase activity","volume":"6","author":"Beavo JA","year":"1970","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1966.sp007869"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1972.tb08916.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15.2.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(75)90863-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10.3.348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1977.tb05000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"445","article-title":"Regulation of guanosine cyclic 3\u2032,5\u2032\u2010monophosphate in central nervous system: effects of depolarizing agents","volume":"9","author":"Ferrendelli JA","year":"1973","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"247","key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"39","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of monoamine containing neurons in the central nervous system: IV. 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