{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T21:05:33Z","timestamp":1784063133045,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]],"date-time":"2004-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8407,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An experimental model of cat spinal injury was used to investigate the hypotheses that endorphins are involved in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury and that the opiate antagonist naloxone, by blocking the effects of endorphins, may improve physiological and neurological recovery. Experimental trauma to the cervical spine casued a reduction in blood pressure and spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) associated with increased plasma levels of \u03b2\u2010endorphin\u2013like immunoreactivity; both blood pressure and SCBF were significantly improved by naloxone treatment. Naloxone\u2010treated animals also showed less prominent spinal cord abnormalities and significantly improved neurological recovery compared with saline controls. Moreover, both the pathological and clinical findings correlated significantly with the blood pressure changes following treatment. The data support a pathophysiological role for endorphins in experimental spinal cord injury and suggest that opiate antagonists might improve the treatment of spinal trauma in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410100403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T13:18:47Z","timestamp":1104585527000},"page":"326-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Endorphins in experimental spinal injury: Therapeutic effect of naloxone"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"A. I.","family":"Faden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. P.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Mougey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. W.","family":"Holaday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1911.04260090100008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90863-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.40.6.0726"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/278646a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1973.38.1.0052"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1971.35.6.0700"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"229","article-title":"Spinal cord blood flow compartments","volume":"96","author":"Ducker TB","year":"1971","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Experimental spinal cord trauma. III: Therapeutic effect of immobilization and pharmacologic agents","volume":"10","author":"Ducker TB","year":"1978","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Experimental spinal cord trauma. II: Blood flow, tissue oxygen, evoked potentials in both paretic and plegic monkeys","volume":"10","author":"Ducker TB","year":"1978","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.451606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"441","article-title":"Naloxone treatment of endotoxin shock: stereospecificity of physiologic and pharmacologic effects in the rat","volume":"212","author":"Faden AI","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(80)90018-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7455690"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(78)90248-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6155697"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"531","article-title":"Effects of local hypothermia and steroids upon recovery from experimental spinal cord compression injury","volume":"4","author":"Hansebout RR","year":"1975","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.40.1.0044"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.38.1.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/275450a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Hypophysectomy inhibits the therapeutic effects of naloxone in endotoxic and hypovolemic shock","volume":"22","author":"Holaday JW","year":"1979","journal-title":"Physiologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(80)90032-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","first-page":"35","article-title":"Adrenalectomy enhances endotoxic shock susceptibility and alters the therapeutic effects of centrally or parenterally injected naloxone","volume":"6","author":"Holaday JW","year":"1980","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00508064"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.5.3.344"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(77)90146-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.12.6240"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.40.1.0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","first-page":"39","article-title":"Blockade of opiate receptors with naloxone improves survival and cardiac performance in canine endotoxtin shock","volume":"7","author":"Reynolds DG","year":"1980","journal-title":"Circ Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1976.45.6.0660"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","first-page":"2375","article-title":"Effects of enkephalins on arterial blood pressure are reduced by propranolol","volume":"55","author":"Simon W","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.12.6680"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Mechanism of Paralysis and Treatment","author":"Tarlov IM","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Nalosone reversal of hypovolemic shock in dogs","volume":"7","author":"Vargish T","year":"1980","journal-title":"Circ Shock"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"248","volume-title":"Spinal Injury","author":"Yashon D","year":"1978"}],"container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fana.410100403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ana.410100403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T06:12:37Z","timestamp":1698905557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ana.410100403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ana.410100403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410100403","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-5134","1531-8249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-5134","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1981,10]]}}}