{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T03:20:14Z","timestamp":1771384814351,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,8]],"date-time":"2004-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6612,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bilateral watershed (WS) infarction at the borderzone of the middle cerebral artery territory are typically related to severe hypotensive events. Unilateral WS infarctions have sometimes been reported in occlusion of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery (ICA), but their pathogenesis and prognostic implications are poorly known. Twenty\u2010six of 154 (17%) consecutive patients with ICA occlusion had a computed tomography\u2013proved ipsilateral WS infarct. Severe active heart disease with hypotension and syncope (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), severe contralateral ICA disease (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), and elevated venous hematocrit values (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) related to heavy smoking were more frequent in the patients with WS infarction than in other patients. Delayed infarctions in the territory of the main branches of the middle cerebral artery distal to the ICA occlusion correlated with a visible stump or emboligenic changes (ulcerated or irregular stenosis) on the collateral channels, but this was not true for delayed WS infarctions. These findings suggest that most of the WS infarctions were hemodynamic. The patients with WS infarct had a higher death rate (9.9% per year) than did the patients without WS infarct (2.3% per year), suggesting that heart disease should be particularly closely managed in patients with WS infarctions. As WS infarctions were the most frequent type of infarction distal to an occluded ICA, appropriate treatment of all potential causes of systemic hemodynamic disturbances may be crucial in the long\u2010term management of patients with ICA occlusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410200312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T17:34:45Z","timestamp":1104600885000},"page":"346-350","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Borderzone infarctions distal to internal carotid artery occlussion: Prognostic implications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Bogousslavsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Regli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/89.2.235"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"143","article-title":"Evolution des oblit\u00e9rations de la carotide au cou\u201469 observations","volume":"12","author":"Aimard G","year":"1983","journal-title":"Presse M\u00e9d"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.28.8.769"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)31184-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.9.5.448"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.12.5.627"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"625","article-title":"Accidents isch\u00e9miques transitoires avant et apr\u00e8s occlusion de l'art\u00e8re carotide interne","volume":"139","author":"Bogousslavsky J","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344495"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Eighth Conference","author":"Brierley JB","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.6.898"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.10.4.450"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1983.04050030032005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.30.9.986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","volume-title":"Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management","author":"Gates PC"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90298-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.1981.11739595"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92098-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.223.8.893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.14.6.867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1964.00460190044004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"303","article-title":"Recognition and prevention of borderzone cerebral ischaemia during cardiac surgery","volume":"47","author":"Ross Russell RW","year":"1978","journal-title":"QJ Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/106.2.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.45.11.1037"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.9.4.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.15.2.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00347803","article-title":"Watershed infarctions and computed tomography. 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