{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:01:32Z","timestamp":1761487292818},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,8]],"date-time":"2004-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5151,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a 4\u00bd\u2010year period, 4 of 68 children in a longitudinal study of neurological complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection had clinical and\/or neuroradiological evidence of stroke, yielding a clinical incidence of stroke in this population of 1.3% per year. During this period, 32 subjects died, and permission for autopsy was granted in 18 of the patients, including 3 of 4 who had clinical evidence of stroke. The prevalence of cerebrovascular pathological features in our consecutive autopsy series was higher than the clinical incidence. At autopsy cerebrovascular disease was documented in 6 (24%) of 25 children with HIV infection, including all 3 children who had clinical evidence of stroke. Four patients had intracerebral hemorrhages, 6 patients had nonhemorrhagic infarcts, and 3 had both. Hemorrhage was catastrophic in 1 child and clinically silent in 3 children, all of whom had immune thrombocytopenia. One child had an arteriopathy that affected meningocerebral arteries. In another child, the arteries of the circle of Willis were aneurysmally dilated. Two children had coexisting cardiomyopathy and subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy with vascular proliferation. These results suggest that stroke should be considered when children with HIV infection develop focal neurological signs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410280302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T14:27:33Z","timestamp":1104589653000},"page":"303-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Stroke in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yong D.","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita L.","family":"Belman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Seung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiro","family":"Kure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josefina F.","family":"Llena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Lantos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis W.","family":"Dickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV\u20101) infection of the nervous system: a review","volume":"1","author":"Michaels J","year":"1988","journal-title":"Immunodeficiency Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"29","volume-title":"AIDS and the nervous system","author":"Levy RM","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1988.02150010039017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.82.3.355","article-title":"Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Epstein LG","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230707"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"537","article-title":"The neuropathology of AIDS, UCLA experience and review","volume":"124","author":"Anders KH","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410140404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410180509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"Centers 88for Disease Control. 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