{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T17:58:39Z","timestamp":1775152719830,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,8]],"date-time":"2004-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3721,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nucleotide sequence of human T\u2010lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV\u2010I) in central nervous system tissue was determined in 3 autopsy cases with HTLV\u2010I\u2013associated myelopathy (HAM)\/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and 1 seropositive carrier without HAM\/TSP but with multiple sclerosis. All HAM\/TSP samples (3 spinal cords and 2 brains) and the sample from the seropositive carrier without HAM\/TSP (brain) were positive for HTLV\u2010I env (5146\u20136681), pX5\u2032 (6549\u20137494), and pX3\u2032 (7354\u20138276) regions by the two\u2010step polymerase chain reaction method. A nucleotide sequence analysis of the pX5\u2032 and pX3\u2032 polymerase chain reaction products from nucleotides 6631 to 8259 revealed heterogeneity of the HTLV\u2010I genome in all cases. It is notable that 13 of 50 clones derived from the pX3\u2032 polymerase chain reaction products were defective in the tax open reading frame while 7 were defective in the rex open reading frame in the HAM\/TSP samples. All 17 clones from 1 HAM\/TSP case were defective in the pX open reading frame II. One nucleotide insertion at 7784 creating a frame shift in both tax and rex was seen in all 3 HAM\/TSP cases but not in the HTLV\u2010I carrier without HAM\/TSP. The pX\u2010defective mutants found frequently in the central nervous system may contribute to the neural damage, since the pX gene products are essential for the transactivation of various cellular genes as well as for viral replication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T16:06:26Z","timestamp":1104595586000},"page":"149-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Sequence heterogeneity of HTLV\u2010I proviral DNA in the central nervous system of patients with HTLV\u2010I\u2013associated 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