{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:04:47Z","timestamp":1789729487145,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab in self\u2010identified black and Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Characterization of Ocrelizumab in Minorities with Multiple Sclerosis (CHIMES) trial, a prospective, open\u2010label, single\u2010arm, phase 4 study, intentionally recruited underrepresented populations in the US, Puerto Rico, and Kenya. Black and Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis aged 18\u201365\u2009years with Expanded Disability Status Scale score 0\u20135.5 received ocrelizumab for 2\u2009years. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with no evidence of disease activity in 3 components at week 48: protocol\u2010defined relapse, 24\u2010week confirmed disability progression, and disease activity on magnetic resonance imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 113 black and 69 Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis, most were women (72%), with a mean age of 35.5 (SD 10.5) years, body mass index of 31.0 (SD 7.4) kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 2.4 (SD 1.4). Genetic ancestry aligned with self\u2010identified race or ethnicity. At week 48, 50.5% of CHIMES participants had no evidence of disease activity, including 94.5% free from 24\u2010week confirmed disability progression, 95.1% free from relapse, 95.6% free from T1\u2010contrast\u2010enhancing lesions, and 52.7% free from new\/enlarging T2 lesions. Serious adverse events were experienced by 8.2%, and 2.2% discontinued treatment. Infusion\u2010related reactions were more frequent in Hispanic versus black participants (42.0% vs 29.2%), whereas gastrointestinal adverse events were more frequent in black versus Hispanic participants (23.0% vs 1.4%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ocrelizumab treatment controlled disease activity in black and Hispanic people with relapsing multiple sclerosis. 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