{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:06:48Z","timestamp":1790334408508,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Neurology"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to determine whether genetic ancestry is associated with differences in the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with MS living in the United Kingdom &gt;18\u2009years old were recruited from 2021 to 2025 and genotyped from saliva using a commercial array. Genetic ancestry was inferred using a random forest classifier trained on a diverse reference dataset. Participant\u2010reported MS characteristics including the Age\u2010Related Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (ARMSS) and age at MS diagnosis were ascertained at recruitment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed data from 816 people with MS (pwMS), comprising 260 people of South Asian ancestry (31.9%), 163 of African ancestry (20.0%), 316 of European ancestry (38.7%), and 77 participants from other backgrounds. The included cohort was predominantly female (72.3% women), diagnosed with MS at a median age of 32\u2009years (interquartile range [IQR]\u2009=\u200914.0) and recruited at a median age of 44.6\u2009years (IQR\u2009=\u200918.2). Neither South Asian nor African ancestry was consistently associated with higher MS severity compared with European\u2010ancestry participants. No genetic variants were associated with MS severity at genomewide statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional, diverse, UK cohort, neither South Asian nor African ancestry is associated with greater MS\u2010related disability. These findings argue against a genetic basis for the previously observed differences between MS outcomes when contrasting ethnic groups. ANN NEUROL 2026<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.78350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:24:08Z","timestamp":1790331848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Genetic Ancestry and Multiple Sclerosis Severity"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6023-6010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Preventive Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Tregaskis\u2010Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Preventive Neurology, Wolfson 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