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While numerous antimicrobial and antiviral drugs have been developed over the last 200\u2009years to face these threats, the globalized and highly connected world of the 21st century demands for an ever\u2010increasing efficiency in the detection and treatment of infectious diseases. Consequently, the rapidly evolving field of nanomedicine has taken up the challenge and developed a plethora of strategies to fight infectious diseases with the help of various nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles, liposomes, nanogels, and virus capsids. DNA nanotechnology represents a comparatively recent addition to the nanomedicine arsenal, which, over the past decade, has made great progress in the area of cancer diagnostics and therapy. However, the past few years have seen also an increasing number of DNA nanotechnology\u2010related studies that particularly focus on the detection and inhibition of microbial and viral pathogens. Herein, a brief overview of this rather young research field is provided, successful concepts as well as potential challenges are identified, and promising directions for future research are highlighted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202000049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T17:12:40Z","timestamp":1607620360000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["DNA Nanostructures in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8344-850X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DNA Nanodevices Unit Department Diagnostics Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI  04103 Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences University of Leipzig  04103 Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Immunology University of Leipzig Medical School  04103 Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology  Gandhinagar 382 007 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7139-3110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry Paderborn University  Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.56.091103.134135"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-015-0439-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0297"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens5040066"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.09.020421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70318-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30605-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States","author":"U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j3415","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2423","volume":"358","author":"Sumpradit N.","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap7999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30012-8","volume":"20","author":"Kirby T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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