{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:47:26Z","timestamp":1791874046464,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008476","name":"University of California, Irvine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Angew Chem Int Ed"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chemical presodiation offers a promising pathway to compensate sodium deficiency in cathode and anode materials, thereby enhancing the usable energy density of sodium\u2010ion batteries. This approach is particularly critical for P2\u2010 and tunnel\u2010type cathodes, such as Na\n                    <jats:sub>0.44<\/jats:sub>\n                    MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , where the as\u2010synthesized materials typically exhibit a 50%\u201360% sodium deficiency. However, conventional presodiation reagents possess excessively high reductive potential, often leading to oversodiation, structural degradation, and compromised electrode reversibility. Here, we report a rational electron\u2010cloud engineering strategy to precisely control the sodium chemical potential of presodiation agents. Guided by H\u00fcckel's rule, we demonstrate that tailoring \u03c0\u2010conjugation size and introducing electron\u2010withdrawing groups enables the adjustment of sodium chemical potential via a balance of conjugative and inductive effects. We identify 1\u2010indanone as an optimal presodiation reagent, capable of delivering sodium to Na\n                    <jats:sub>0.44<\/jats:sub>\n                    MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    cathodes without any oversodiation. The resulting electrodes exhibit fully restored sodium inventories, an unprecedented first\u2010cycle Coulombic efficiency of \u223c100%, and improved capacity retention over 350 cycles compared to untreated controls. Our findings establish a versatile framework for controlling sodium delivery in chemical presodiation, providing a new avenue for the design of next\u2010generation sodium\u2010ion batteries with enhanced stability and performance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.1913760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:00:52Z","timestamp":1791871252000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Controlled Presodiation of Sodium\u2010Ion Cathode via Electron Cloud Engineering"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhennan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6893-6265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6521-868X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huolin L.","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California  Irvine California 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