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This new type of nanomachine harnesses specific target binding to trigger assembly of separate DNA components that are otherwise unable to spontaneously assemble. Three\u2010dimensional DNA tracks of high density are constructed on gold nanoparticles functionalized with hundreds of single\u2010stranded oligonucleotides and tens of an affinity ligand. A DNA swing arm, free in solution, is linked to a second affinity ligand. Binding of a target molecule to the two ligands brings the swing arm to AuNP and initiates autonomous, stepwise movement of the swing arm around the AuNP surface. The movement of the swing arm, powered by enzymatic cleavage of conjugated oligonucleotides, cleaves hundreds of oligonucleotides in response to a single binding event. We demonstrate three nanomachines that are specifically activated by streptavidin, platelet\u2010derived growth factor, and the Smallpox gene. Substituting the ligands enables the nanomachine to respond to other molecules. The new nanomachines have several unique and advantageous features over DNA nanomachines that rely on DNA self\u2010assembly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201506312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T09:26:25Z","timestamp":1444728385000},"page":"14326-14330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Binding\u2010Induced DNA Nanomachines Triggered by Proteins and Nucleic Acids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Hongquan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maode","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Zuehlke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanyong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing\u2010Fang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X. 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