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We report here a photoluminescent uranium organic framework, whose photoluminescence intensity can be accurately correlated with the exposure dose of X\u2010 or \u03b3\u2010radiations. This allows for precise and instant detection of ionizing radiations down to the level of 10<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\u2005Gy, representing a significant improvement on the detection limit of approximately two orders of magnitude, compared to other chemical dosimeters reported up to now. The electron paramagnetic resonance analysis suggests that with the exposure to radiations, the carbonyl double bonds break affording oxo\u2010radicals that can be stabilized within the conjugated uranium oxalate\u2010carboxylate sheet. This gives rise to a substantially enhanced equatorial bonding of the uranyl(VI) ions as elucidated by the single\u2010crystal structure of the \u03b3\u2010ray irradiated material, and subsequently leads to a very effective photoluminescence quenching through phonon\u2010assisted relaxation. The quenched sample can be easily recovered by heating, enabling recycled detection for multiple runs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201700919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,19]],"date-time":"2017-05-19T07:03:32Z","timestamp":1495177412000},"page":"7500-7504","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":258,"title":["Highly Sensitive Detection of Ionizing Radiations by a Photoluminescent Uranyl Organic Framework"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University  199 Ren'ai Road Suzhou 215123 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative 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