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Macroscopic X\u2010Ray powder diffraction imaging of selected areas on Van Gogh's <jats:italic>Sunflowers<\/jats:italic> (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam) revealed the presence of two subtypes of CY: the light\u2010fast monoclinic PbCrO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (LF\u2010CY) and the light\u2010sensitive monoclinic PbCr<jats:sub>1\u2212<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>S<jats:sub><jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\u22480.5; LS\u2010CY). The latter was encountered in large parts of the painting (e.g., in the pale\u2010yellow background and the bright\u2010yellow petals, but also in the green stems and flower hearts), thus indicating their higher risk for past or future darkening. Overall, it is present in more than 50\u2009% of the CY regions. Preferred orientation of LS\u2010CY allows observation of a significant ordering of the elongated crystallites along the direction of Van Gogh's brush strokes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201713293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]],"date-time":"2018-03-02T13:12:46Z","timestamp":1519996366000},"page":"7418-7422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Chemical Mapping by Macroscopic X\u2010ray Powder Diffraction (MA\u2010XRPD) of Van Gogh's <i>Sunflowers<\/i>: Identification of Areas with Higher Degradation Risk"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1238-0189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Vanmeert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antwerp X-ray Analysis Electrochemistry and Speciation University of Antwerp  Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ella","family":"Hendriks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage University of Amsterdam  1071 DV Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9985-0678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geert","family":"Van\u2005der\u2005Snickt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antwerp X-ray Analysis Electrochemistry and Speciation University of Antwerp  Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9489-7805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Letizia","family":"Monico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antwerp X-ray Analysis Electrochemistry and Speciation University of Antwerp  Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium"},{"name":"SMAArt Centre University of Perugia and CNR-ISTM  via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris","family":"Dik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science Delft University of Technology  Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6752-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koen","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antwerp X-ray Analysis Electrochemistry and Speciation University of Antwerp  Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5JA00091B"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","volume-title":"Artists\u2019 Pigments\u2014A Handbook of Their History and Characteristics, Vol. 1","author":"K\u00fchn H.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac3021592"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","first-page":"505","author":"Crane M. 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