{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:27:31Z","timestamp":1792175251049,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"52","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22179077, 52027801 and 92263203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22179077, 52027801 and 92263203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Angew Chem Int Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Transition metal single atom electrocatalysts (SACs) with metal\u2010nitrogen\u2010carbon (M\u2212N\u2212C) configuration show great potential in oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whereby the spin\u2010dependent electrons must be allowed to transfer along reactants (OH\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O, singlet spin state) and products (O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , triplet spin state). Therefore, it is imperative to modulate the spin configuration in M\u2212N\u2212C to enhance the spin\u2010sensitive OER energetics, which however remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a local field distortion induced intermediate to low spin transition by introducing a main\u2010group element (Mg) into the Fe\u2212N\u2212C architecture, and decode the underlying origin of the enhanced OER activity. We unveil that, the large ionic radii mismatch between Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Fe\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    can cause a FeN\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    in\u2010plane square local field deformation, which triggers a favorable spin transition of Fe\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    from intermediate (d\n                    <jats:sub>xy<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    d\n                    <jats:sub>xz<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    d\n                    <jats:sub>yz<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    d\n                    <jats:sub>z2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 2.96\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) to low spin (d\n                    <jats:sub>xy<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    d\n                    <jats:sub>xz<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    d\n                    <jats:sub>yz<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 0.95\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and consequently regulate the thermodyna\u2010mics of the elementary step with desired Gibbs free energies. The as\u2010obtained Mg\/Fe dual\u2010site catalyst demonstrates a superior OER activity with an overpotential of 224\u2005mV at 10\u2005mA\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    and an electrolysis voltage of only 1.542\u2005V at 10\u2005mA\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    in the overall water splitting, which outperforms those of the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art transition metal SACs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202314303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T05:39:19Z","timestamp":1699508359000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Improving Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution through Local Field Distortion in Mg\/Fe Dual\u2010site Catalysts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Sciences&amp;Institute for Sustainable Energy Shanghai University  Shanghai 200444 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Sciences&amp;Institute for Sustainable Energy Shanghai University  Shanghai 200444 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanting","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto Electric Materials and Devices (BKLMMD)  Beijing 100871 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse Yanshan University  Qinhuangdao 066004 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongfeng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Light Source University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Sciences&amp;Institute for Sustainable Energy Shanghai University  Shanghai 200444 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingli","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel &amp; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy &amp; School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University  Shanghai 200444 P. 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