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Current purification technologies including chemical and bio\u2010\/photo\u2010\/electro\u2010chemical methods, are generally high\u2010cost, time\u2010consuming, or energy\u2010intensive. Here, we report a novel formaldehyde\u2010nitrate battery by pairing anodic formaldehyde oxidation with cathodic nitrate reduction, which simultaneously enables wastewater purification, electricity generation, and the production of high\u2010value\u2010added ammonia and formate. As a result, the formaldehyde\u2010nitrate battery remarkably exhibits an open\u2010circuit voltage of 0.75\u2005V, a peak power density of 3.38\u2005mW\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> and the yield rates of 32.7\u2005mg\u2009h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> for ammonia and 889.4\u2005mg\u2009h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u2009cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> for formate. In a large\u2010scale formaldehyde\u2010nitrate battery (25\u2005cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), 99.9\u2009% of nitrate and 99.8\u2009% of formaldehyde are removed from simulated industrial wastewater and the electricity of 2.03\u2005W\u22c5h per day is generated. Moreover, the design of such a multi\u2010functional battery is universally applicable to the coupling of NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> or NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> reduction with various aldehyde oxidization, paving a new avenue for wastewater purification and chemical manufacturing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202318989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T03:13:41Z","timestamp":1705288421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Multi\u2010Functional Formaldehyde\u2010Nitrate Batteries for Wastewater Refining, Electricity Generation, and Production of Ammonia and Formate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Siying","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Department of Advanced Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Hao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Department of Advanced Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxiu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Department of Advanced Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. 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China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Department of Advanced Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University  Xi'an Shaanxi 710000 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05481-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2021.214280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"123","volume":"54","author":"Zha L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. 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