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Various artificial nucleic acids have been developed to improve stability and affinity for biological applications. However, the lack of understanding of the kinetics of TMSD reaction among artificial nucleic acids has limited their applications. We herein systematically characterized the kinetics of TMSD reactions with acyclic xeno nucleic acids (XNAs): serinol nucleic acid (SNA), acyclic D\u2010threoninol nucleic acid (D\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>TNA), and acyclic L\u2010threoninol nucleic acid (L\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>TNA). We found that the strand displacement reactions by D\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>TNA and by L\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>TNA were highly dependent on temperature. D\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>TNA and L\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>TNA systems were orthogonal to each other, and chirality of the input can be switched by using SNA as an interface. We also applied TMSD reactions of XNAs to a seesaw gate amplification system which utilizes the orthogonality. This work will contribute to the developments of thermoresponsive and bioorthogonal nucleic acid circuits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202319864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T06:44:47Z","timestamp":1717656287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Kinetics of Strand Displacement Reaction with Acyclic Artificial Nucleic Acids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Koki","family":"Makino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku  Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itsumi","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku  Nagoya, Aichi 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