{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:55:33Z","timestamp":1790301333436,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22225606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22225606"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22276029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22276029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22261142663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22261142663"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Angew Chem Int Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Formamide (HCONH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) plays a pivotal role in the manufacture of a diverse array of chemicals, fertilizers, and pharmaceuticals. Photocatalysis holds great promise for green fabrication of carbon\u2010nitrogen (C\u2212N) compounds owing to its environmental friendliness and mild redox capability. However, the selective formation of the C\u2212N bond presents a significant challenge in the photocatalytic synthesis of C\u2212N compounds. This work developed a photocatalytic radical coupling method for the formamide synthesis from co\u2010oxidation of ammonia (NH\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n ) and methanol (CH\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n OH). An exceptional formamide yield rate of 5.47\u00b10.03\u2005mmol\u2009\u22c5\u2009g\n cat<\/jats:sub>\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009\u22c5\u2009h\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n (911.87\u00b15\u2005mmol\u2009\u22c5\u2009g\n Bi<\/jats:sub>\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009\u22c5\u2009h\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) was achieved over atomically dispersed Bi sites (Bi\n SAs<\/jats:sub>\n ) on TiO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n . An accumulation of 45.68\u2005mmol\u2009\u22c5\u2009g\n cat<\/jats:sub>\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n (2.0\u2005g\u2009\u22c5\u2009g\n cat<\/jats:sub>\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) of formamide was achieved after long\u2010term illumination, representing the highest level of photocatalytic C\u2212N compounds synthesis. The critical C\u2212N coupling for formamide formation originated from the \u201c\u03c3\u2013\u03c3\u201d interaction between electrophilic \u22c5CH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n OH with nucleophilic \u22c5NH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n radical. The Bi\n SAs<\/jats:sub>\n sites\n facilitated the electron transfer between reactants and photocatalysts<\/jats:ext-link>\n and enhanced the nucleophilic attack of \u22c5NH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n radical on the \u22c5CH\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n OH radical, thereby advancing the selective C\u2212N bond formation. This work deepens the understanding of the C\u2212N coupling mechanism and offers an intriguing photocatalytic approach for the efficient and sustainable production of C\u2212N compounds.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202408379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,6]],"date-time":"2024-07-06T04:45:21Z","timestamp":1720241121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Photocatalytic Formamide Synthesis via Coupling of Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Radicals over Atomically Dispersed Bi Sites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Weiping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoran","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2890-9964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731, China P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202213009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202108352"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38603-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c05660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2023.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202015604"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c07061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c05171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202400892"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202312076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202207793"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b03744"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","author":"Huang X.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. 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