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While such sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS) processes have now been demonstrated for many metal oxides, we report an SIS process for a transition metal sulfide \u2013 CdS. Gas phase dimethyl cadmium and hydrogen sulfide precursors infiltrated into poly(4\u2010vinylpyridine) thin films result in the 3D\u2010nucleation of clusters consistent with a cubane\u2010type Cd\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    S\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    core that are variably terminated with methyl, thiol and hydroxy capping ligands. First principles models and simulation of few\u2010atom Cd\u2010based clusters are consistent with electronic and vibrational spectroscopy and grazing\u2010incidence total X\u2010ray scattering measurements of 3D\u2010cluster\u2010arrays synthesized at 80\u2009\u00b0C. The direct synthesis of few\u2010atom transition metal sulfide clusters within polymer thin films will provide a versatile new route to precision architectures for light\u2010absorbing materials including solar energy harvesting and conversion applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202421259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T05:52:04Z","timestamp":1736747524000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sequential Infiltration Synthesis of Cadmium Sulfide Discrete Atom Clusters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4707-9118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuwanthaka P.","family":"Jayaweera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Material Science Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8481-0585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shana","family":"Havenridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0773-5782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley R.","family":"Bielinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Material Science Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1034-9233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kihoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Material Science Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2745-4945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas B.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1400-9180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin M.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7743-9922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia M.","family":"Wheaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4844-8421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4237-4209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajesh","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Materials Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5861-2996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey W.","family":"Elam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Materials Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2145-5034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-1179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen L.","family":"Mulfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Science and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory  9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3916-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex B. 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