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According to recent techno\u2010economic analyses, commercially competitive MeOH production (at \u2248$190 per ton) can be achieved via electroreduction by meeting practical targets for current density, Faradaic efficiency (FE), and stability. Moreover, MeOH's high energy density (16\u00a0MJ\u00a0L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), substantial hydrogen content (100\u00a0g H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    per L), and low storage and transport costs further underscore its strong economic potential. Yet, the complexity of the six\u2010electron\u2013proton transfer (ET\u2013PT) process that governs its formation remains intrinsically complex, with competing pathways threatening selectivity at every stage. This review critically examines current mechanistic insights, highlighting key intermediates such as CO and OCH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and demonstrating how catalyst surfaces and reaction conditions profoundly influence pathway divergence. We highlight recent advances in catalyst development that exploit a fundamental, molecular\u2010level understanding of intermediate stabilization to deliver unprecedented MeOH selectivity and activity. Through detailed analysis of operational parameters\u2014including mass transport dynamics, electrolyte composition, and applied potentials\u2014this work provides a comprehensive framework for rational catalyst development. Together, these insights converge design principles for next\u2010generation electrocatalysts capable of selectively converting CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010to\u2010MeOH at scale, advancing economically viable and environmentally sustainable MeOH production.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202517916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T05:55:33Z","timestamp":1761285333000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Selective Electrocatalytic CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Reduction to Methanol: A Roadmap toward Practical Implementation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Allangawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1601-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangyun T.","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California  La Jolla San Diego California 92093\u20100448 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayasem","family":"Alsuhami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fuels &amp; Chemicals Division, Research &amp; Development Center Saudi Aramco  Dhahran 31311 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd Adnan","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fuels &amp; Chemicals Division, Research &amp; Development Center Saudi Aramco  Dhahran 31311 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashed","family":"Aleisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fuels &amp; Chemicals Division, Research &amp; Development Center Saudi Aramco  Dhahran 31311 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoji","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Lu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California  La Jolla San Diego California 92093\u20100448 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Rueping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Gascon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huabin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST) Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)  Thuwal 23955\u20106900 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586\u2010025\u201000010\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"G.Conroy Nature2024 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586\u2010024\u201003655\u20100."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570\u2010021\u201000289\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560\u2010019\u20100374\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.2c03230"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41918\u2010021\u201000096\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201804257"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and Methanol Institute Innovation Outlook: Renewable Methanol Abu Dhabi 2021 ISBN 978\u201092\u20109260\u2010320\u20105."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","volume-title":"Perry\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s Chemical Engineers\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 Handbook","author":"Green D. 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