{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T17:47:52Z","timestamp":1792259272606,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFA1504200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFA1504200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22279012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22279012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Angew Chem Int Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) are recognized as a promising energy conversion technology due to their high energy density and the renewable, eco\u2010friendly nature of ethanol. However, their commercialization is hindered by the lack of anode catalysts that simultaneously offer high activity, stability, and selectivity toward the C1 pathway in the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). Herein, we report a rationally designed Pd\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ga\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    @NC electrocatalyst, in which Pd\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ga\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    alloy nanoparticles are anchored on a nitrogen\u2010doped carbon\u2010encapsulated ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    nanoframework. In alkaline media, this catalyst exhibits exceptional EOR performance, achieving a remarkable mass activity of 27.3 A mg\n                    <jats:sub>Pd<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 3.6 and 21.8 times higher than those of Pd\u2010ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    @NC and commercial Pd\/C, respectively. Furthermore, it demonstrates a high C1 pathway selectivity of 58.7% at 0.8\n                    <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>RHE<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0and retains 48.9% of its initial activity after 2000 accelerated durability test cycles, significantly outperforming state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art benchmarks. Combined experimental and DFT studies reveal the crucial function of Ga as an electron donor, which reverses the electron transfer around Pd from outward (in Pd\u2010ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    @NC) to inward (in Pd\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ga\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010ZrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    @NC), creating an electron\u2010rich Pd state. This electronic restructuring thereby lowers the *CO oxidation barrier, strengthens *OH adsorption, and enhances metal\u2010support interaction, collectively boosting both the C1 pathway selectivity and the overall EOR performance. This work provides valuable insights for the design of high\u2010performance alloy\u2010oxide composite electrocatalysts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202523391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T10:27:32Z","timestamp":1767781652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ga\u2010Induced Reversal of Pd Electronic States in ZrO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    \u2010Supported Pd\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Ga\n                    <sub>1<\/sub>\n                    Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ethanol Electrooxidation via the C1 Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Chengming","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing 401331 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing 401331 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency of Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR)  Singapore 627833 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing 401331 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runfan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing 401331 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9796-3353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing 401331 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zidong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University  Chongqing 401331 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202308958"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2023.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2022.214775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202419815"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35104620"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2021.214085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202409109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010021\u201025600\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c07027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202304510"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202308057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b02039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c09461"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202421763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE04023B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c09270"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/catal5031507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200504386"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201805833"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5IM00252D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b03474"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201702332"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2112109119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.3c00080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c11234"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202408373"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.156321"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005767"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CC05884D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adsu.202300380"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5EE00544B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202506044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.123377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202415362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202407940"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cs2005955"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202100187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b00366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565\u2010024\u201001696\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.123564"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c18350"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202420752"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202300094"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c13596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201051200\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202103722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.122521"}],"container-title":["Angewandte Chemie International Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/anie.202523391","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/anie.202523391","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/anie.202523391","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T17:12:51Z","timestamp":1792257171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/anie.202523391"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/anie.202523391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/anie.202523391","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1433-7851","1521-3773"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1433-7851","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-3773","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e23391"}}