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However, their predominant powder form has fundamentally constrained device integration and interfacial engineering. Herein, we demonstrate a general strategy for constructing high\u2010quality transition\u2010metal chalcogenide@2D \u03c0\u2010COF van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). Large\u2010area, atomically flat 2D \u03c0\u2010COF films are first grown on SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    substrates via a liquid\u2013solid interfacial reaction and subsequently transferred onto monolayer MoS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    through a mild in situ wet\u2010transfer process. The resulting COF films exhibit atomic\u2010scale flatness and form clean interfaces, promoting efficient interfacial charge transfer in COF@MoS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    heterojunctions. As a model system, we employ a robust imidazole\u2010linked 2D \u03c0\u2010COF (COF\u2010Azo) functionalized with azobenzene moieties, whose reversible\n                    <jats:italic>trans\u2010cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    photoisomerization dynamically modulates the heterojunction's electronic structure. The COF\u2010Azo@MoS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    devices display pronounced and reversible photoswitching behavior, achieving a carrier density modulation of \u223c6.7\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    and an on\u2010state current variation of \u223c43.7%. Importantly, optical control over the isomerization fraction enables non\u2010volatile memory behavior within the vdWHs. This work establishes a scalable route to atomically flat 2D \u03c0\u2010COF films as viable building blocks for vdW heterostructures and introduces a robust platform for optically reconfigurable optoelectronics and memory devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.2260268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T16:26:03Z","timestamp":1780849563000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wet Transfer of In Situ Grown Azo\u2010Containing Two\u2010Dimensional Conjugated Covalent Organic Framework Films for Photoswitchable Electronic Devices"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Kexin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Strasbourg &amp; CNRS ISIS &amp; icFRC, 8 All\u00e9e Gaspard Monge  Strasbourg France"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Strasbourg &amp; CNRS ISIS &amp; icFRC, 8 All\u00e9e Gaspard Monge  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonsu","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Quantum Science, Department of Physics Inha University  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials Xiamen University  Xiamen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2613-394X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yubin","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Gatsios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEM\u2010CNR Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism Trento Unit c\/o Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via alla Cascata 56\/C  Trento Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Vittorio","family":"Nardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMEM\u2010CNR Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism Trento 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