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This approach gave rise to a novel class of magnetic materials, namely open\u2010shell magnetic nanographenes, whose magnetism originates primarily from unpaired electrons. Despite this progress, a fundamental understanding of selectivity and specificity of surface\u2010confined radical chemistry remains limited. Here, we demonstrate that nonplanar hydrocarbons such as helicenes undergo highly selective intramolecular radical\u2010driven bond formation and reorganization on an Au(111) surface, yielding nonbenzenoid nanographenes incorporating 5\u2010, 6\u2010, and 7\u2010membered rings. The products are identified using time\u2010of\u2010flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, scanning tunneling microscopy, and non\u2010contact atomic force microscopy, which collectively support a radical\u2010mediated cyclization pathway. The mechanism is distinct from the Diels\u2013Alder cycloaddition and cyclodehydrogenation reactions previously reported for helicenes on surfaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.2457794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:08:38Z","timestamp":1777622918000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Radical\u2010Based On\u2010Surface Transformation of Nonplanar Aromatics Into Nonbenzenoid Nanographenes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7613-9047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Rothhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology  D\u00fcbendorf Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Physics University of Basel  Basel 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