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Although spin\u2010state engineering offers an effective strategy for tuning catalytic activity, conventional approaches generally focus on a single\u2010spin configuration, which cannot simultaneously satisfy the distinct energetic requirements of different ORR intermediates. Here, we introduce an adaptive spin catalysis concept through proximity engineering of dual\u2010atomic Co sites confined within a one\u2010dimensional covalent organic framework. Precisely regulating the Co\u2013Co separation while preserving the local coordination environment induces inter\u2010site electronic coupling, giving rise to coexisting high\u2010spin and low\u2010spin Co configurations. Combined spectroscopic characterizations and theoretical calculations support a mechanistic framework in which these coexisting spin configurations provide complementary catalytic functions for distinct intermediates along the multistep ORR pathway, thereby alleviating adsorption conflicts. Consequently, the proximity\u2010engineered catalyst delivers outstanding ORR activity with a half\u2010wave potential of 0.96\u00a0V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, outperforming both its spatially separated counterpart and commercial Pt\/C. The catalyst also efficiently mediates both O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduction while suppressing peroxide decomposition, enabling enhanced performance in rechargeable zinc\u2013air batteries and peroxide\u2010assisted aluminum\u2013air batteries. This work establishes a molecular framework for exploiting spin\u2010state complementarity in atomic catalysts for advanced energy\u2010conversion reactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.3109429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:20:38Z","timestamp":1791872438000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Proximity\u2010Engineered Dual\u2010Atomic Cobalt Sites Enable Adaptive Spin Catalysis for Simultaneous Oxygen and Peroxide Reduction"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2521-6575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiqi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Hong Kong China"},{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic University  Shenzhen 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