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Here, a nano\u2010restriction engineered strategy that embeds a rigid and chromatically diverse hydrogen bond supramolecular framework into hydrogel networks is presented. The confined microenvironment of the supramolecular framework suppresses non\u2010radiative quenching to prolong triplet lifetimes and acts as stress\u2010dissipating nodes to reinforce the polymer matrix. The synthesized hydrogels exhibit tunable afterglow emissions from deep blue to orange\u2013red, lifetimes up to 2535\u00a0ms, and quantum yields above 29.4%, while retaining a compressive strength of 7.7\u00a0MPa and fracture strain near 1400%, with excellent stability under repeated cycling. Programmable color and decay dynamics of afterglow hydrogels enable spatiotemporally resolved encryption. Moreover, the long\u2010lived triplet excitons efficiently sensitize singlet oxygen, delivering &gt;99.9% antibacterial efficacy to accelerate infected wound healing. This approach provides a general route to develop multifunctional afterglow soft materials that couple high exciton utilization and ultralong lifetime with mechanical robustness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.3224418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T10:36:59Z","timestamp":1776422219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nanoconfinement Enabled High\u2010Efficiency and Long\u2010Lifetime Multicolor Afterglow Hydrogels for Advanced Spatiotemporal Encryption and Pathogen Eradication"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Shuman","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (LoFE) &amp; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts &amp; Telecommunications Nanjing, Jiangsu 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