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However, Mn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    dissolution severely compromises cycling stability and practical viability; moreover, the ambiguity of charge storage mechanisms (e.g., Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    vs. H\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) makes the direction of strategic engineering uncertain. Herein, via advanced electron microscopy, we show that the charge storage in MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    is dominated by H\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    intercalation rather than Zn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    insertion. Inspired by this finding and by referring to the recipe of proton exchange membrane, we uniformly coat individual MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    particles with a proton\u2010selective surface, that is, Nafion, which successfully suppresses Mn\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    dissolution as an \u201cion filter\u201d and simultaneously facilitates reversible H\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    insertion\/extraction as a \u201cproton channel\u201d. Therefore, the MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    @Nafion cathode exhibits an outstanding specific capacity (277 mAh g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and remarkable cycling stability, retaining 91.7% of its capacity after 3000 cycles at 2 A g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . These results outperform previously reported manganese\u2010based cathodes, demonstrating the potential of MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    @Nafion as a high\u2010performance and durable cathode material for AZMBs. This work rationalizes the rising endeavors in the mechanism understanding of MnO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010based aqueous battery systems and provides new insights for developing more sustainable aqueous battery materials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.4662687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T16:28:52Z","timestamp":1787588932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Designing Proton\u2010Selective Pathway on MnO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Surface Toward Sustainable Protonation Electrochemistry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Guixing","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5504-5458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8599-9865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianzhe","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University  Wenzhou Zhejiang 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